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<p rend="chapter">2. Bojjhaṅgasaṃyuttaṃ</p>

<p rend="title">1. Pabbatavaggo</p>

<p rend="subhead">1. Himavantasuttavaṇṇanā</p>

<p rend="bodytext" n="182"><hi rend="paranum">182</hi><hi rend="dot">.</hi> Bojjhaṅgasaṃyuttassa <pb ed="V" n="3.0175" /><pb ed="P" n="3.0138" /><pb ed="M" n="3.0176" /> paṭhame <hi rend="bold">nāgā</hi>ti imepi mahāsamuddapiṭṭhe ūmiantaravāsinova, na vimānaṭṭhakanāgā. Tesaṃ himavantaṃ nissāya kāyavaḍḍhanādisabbaṃ heṭṭhā vuttanayeneva veditabbaṃ. <hi rend="bold">Bojjhaṅge</hi>ti ettha bodhiyā, bodhissa vā aṅgāti <hi rend="bold">bojjhaṅgā</hi>. Kiṃ vuttaṃ hoti? Yā hi ayaṃ dhammasāmaggī, yāya lokiyalokuttaramaggakkhaṇe uppajjamānāya līnuddhaccapatiṭṭhānāyūhana kāmasukhattakilamathānuyogaucchedasassatābhinivesādīnaṃ anekesaṃ upaddavānaṃ paṭipakkhabhūtāya satidhammavicayavīriyapītipassaddhisamādhiupekkhāsaṅkhātāya dhammasāmaggiyā ariyasāvako bujjhatīti katvā bodhīti vuccati. <hi rend="bold">Bujjhatī</hi>ti kilesasantānaniddāya uṭṭhahati, cattāri vā ariyasaccāni paṭivijjhati, nibbānameva vā sacchikarotīti vuttaṃ hoti. Yathāha ‘‘satta bojjhaṅge bhāvetvā anuttaraṃ sammāsambodhiṃ abhisambuddho’’ti (saṃ. ni. 5.378; dī. ni. 3.143). Tassā dhammasāmaggisaṅkhātāya bodhiyā aṅgāti <hi rend="bold">bojjhaṅgā</hi> jhānaṅgamaggaṅgādayo viya. Yopesa yathāvuttappakārāya etāya dhammasāmaggiyā bujjhatīti katvā ariyasāvako bodhīti vuccati, tassa bodhissa aṅgātipi <hi rend="bold">bojjhaṅgā</hi> senaṅgarathaṅgādayo viya. Tenāhu aṭṭhakathācariyā – ‘‘bujjhanakassa puggalassa aṅgāti vā bojjhaṅgā’’ti.</p>

<p rend="bodytext">Apica ‘‘bojjhaṅgāti kenaṭṭhena bojjhaṅgā? Bodhāya saṃvattantīti bojjhaṅgā, bujjhantīti bojjhaṅgā, anubujjhantīti bojjhaṅgā, paṭibujjhantīti bojjhaṅgā, sambujjhantīti bojjhaṅgā’’iccādinā (paṭi. ma. 2.17) paṭisambhidānayenāpi bojjhaṅgattho veditabbo.</p>

<p rend="bodytext"><hi rend="bold">Satisambojjhaṅga</hi>ntiādīsu <pb ed="V" n="3.0176" /><pb ed="P" n="3.0139" /> pana pasattho sundaro ca bojjhaṅgoti sambojjhaṅgo. Satiyeva sambojjhaṅgoti <hi rend="bold">satisambojjhaṅgo,</hi> taṃ satisambojjhaṅganti evaṃ sabbattha attho veditabbo. <hi rend="bold">Bhāvetī</hi>ti vaḍḍheti, attano <pb ed="M" n="3.0177" /> cittasantāne punappunaṃ janeti, abhinibbattetīti attho. <hi rend="bold">Vivekanissita</hi>ntiādīni kosalasaṃyutte ‘‘sammādiṭṭhiṃ bhāveti vivekanissita’’nti ettha vuttanayeneva veditabbāni.</p>

<p rend="bodytext">Ayaṃ pana viseso – tattha tadaṅgavivekanissitaṃ, samucchedavivekanissitaṃ, nissaraṇavivekanissitanti, vivekattayameva vuttaṃ, bojjhaṅgabhāvanaṃ patvā pana pañcavidhavivekanissitampi eke vaṇṇayanti. Te hi na kevalaṃ balavavipassanāmaggaphalakkhaṇesu eva bojjhaṅge uddharanti vipassanāpādaka-kasiṇajjhāna-ānāpānāsubha-brahmavihārajjhānesupi uddharanti, na ca paṭisiddhā aṭṭhakathācariyehi. Tasmā tesaṃ matena etesaṃ jhānānaṃ pavattikkhaṇe kiccato eva vikkhambhanavivekanissitaṃ. Yathā ca vipassanākkhaṇe ‘‘ajjhāsayato nissaraṇavivekanissita’’nti vuttaṃ, evaṃ paṭipassaddhivivekanissitampi bhāvetīti vattuṃ vaṭṭati. Sesamettha heṭṭhā vuttanayameva.</p>

<p rend="subhead">2. Kāyasuttavaṇṇanā</p>

<p rend="bodytext" n="183"><hi rend="paranum">183</hi><hi rend="dot">.</hi> Dutiye <hi rend="bold">āhāraṭṭhitiko</hi>ti paccayaṭṭhitiko. <hi rend="bold">Āhāraṃ paṭiccā</hi>ti paccayaṃ paṭicca. <hi rend="bold">Subhanimitta</hi>nti subhampi subhanimittaṃ, subhassa ārammaṇampi subhanimittaṃ. <hi rend="bold">Ayonisomanasikāro</hi>ti anupāyamanasikāro uppathamanasikāro anicce ‘‘nicca’’nti vā, dukkhe ‘‘sukha’’nti, anattani ‘‘attā’’ti vā, asubhe ‘‘subha’’nti vā, manasikāro. Taṃ tasmiṃ subhārammaṇe bahulaṃ pavattayato kāmacchando uppajjati. Tena vuttaṃ ‘‘atthi, bhikkhave, subhanimitta’’ntiādi. Evaṃ sabbanīvaraṇesu yojanā veditabbā.</p>

<p rend="bodytext"><hi rend="bold">Paṭighanimitta</hi>ntiādīsu pana paṭighopi paṭighanimittaṃ paṭighārammaṇampi. <hi rend="bold">Aratī</hi>ti ukkaṇṭhitā. Yaṃ sandhāya vuttaṃ – ‘‘tattha katamā arati? Pantesu vā senāsanesu aññataraññataresu vā <pb ed="P" n="3.0140" /> adhikusalesu dhammesu arati aratitā anabhirati anabhiramanā ukkaṇṭhitā paritassitā, ayaṃ vuccati aratī’’ti (vibha. 856).</p>

<p rend="bodytext"><hi rend="bold">Tandī</hi>ti <pb ed="V" n="3.0177" /> atisītādipaccayā uppannaṃ āgantukakāyālasiyaṃ. Yasmiṃ uppanne ‘‘atisītaṃ atiuṇhaṃ aticchātosmi atidhātosmi atidūramaggaṃ gatosmī’’ti vadati, yaṃ sandhāya vuttaṃ ‘‘tattha katamā tandi <pb ed="M" n="3.0178" />, yā tandī tandiyanā tandimanakatā ālasyaṃ ālasyāyanā ālasyāyitattaṃ, ayaṃ vuccati tandī’’ti (vibha. 857).</p>

<p rend="bodytext"><hi rend="bold">Vijambhitā</hi>ti kilesavasena kāyavinamanā. Yaṃ sandhāya vuttaṃ – ‘‘tattha katamā vijambhitā? Yā kāyassa jambhanā vijambhanā ānamanā vinamanā sannamanā paṇamanā byādhiyakaṃ, ayaṃ vuccati vijambhitā’’ti (vibha. 858).</p>

<p rend="bodytext"><hi rend="bold">Bhattasammado</hi>ti bhattapariḷāho. Yaṃ sandhāya vuttaṃ – ‘‘tattha katamo bhattasammado? Yā bhuttāvissa bhattamucchā bhattakilamatho bhattapariḷāho kāyaduṭṭhullaṃ, ayaṃ vuccati bhattasammado’’ti (vibha. 859).</p>

<p rend="bodytext"><hi rend="bold">Cetaso ca līnatta</hi>nti cittassa līyanākāro, yaṃ sandhāya vuttaṃ – ‘‘tattha katamaṃ cetaso līnattaṃ? Yā cittassa akalyatā akammaññatā olīyanā sallīyanā līnaṃ līyanā līyitattaṃ thinaṃ thiyanā thiyitattaṃ cittassa, idaṃ vuccati cetaso līnatta’’nti (vibha. 860).</p>

<p rend="bodytext"><hi rend="bold">Cetaso avūpasamo</hi>ti yathā nāma vītaccikopi aṅgāro neva tāva sannisīdati patāpaṃ karotiyeva, yathā ca pattapacanaṭṭhāne neva tāva sannisīdati patāpaṃ karotiyeva, evaṃ cittassa avūpasantākāro, atthato panetaṃ uddhaccakukkuccameva hoti.</p>

<p rend="bodytext"><hi rend="bold">Vicikicchaṭṭhānīyā dhammā</hi>ti vicikicchāya ārammaṇadhammā. <hi rend="bold">Ayonisomanasikāro</hi> sabbattha vuttanayova. Evamettha kāmacchando vicikicchāti ime dve dhammā ārammaṇena <pb ed="P" n="3.0141" /> kathitā, byāpādo ārammaṇena ca upanissayena ca, sesā sahajātena ca upanissayena cāti.</p>

<p rend="bodytext"><hi rend="bold">Satisambojjhaṅgaṭṭhānīyā dhammā</hi>ti satiyā ārammaṇadhammā sattatiṃsa bodhipakkhiyā ca nava lokuttaradhammā <pb ed="V" n="3.0178" /> ca. <hi rend="bold">Tattha yonisomanasikārabahulīkāro</hi>ti tattha upāyamanasikārassa punappunaṃ karaṇaṃ.</p>

<p rend="bodytext"><hi rend="bold">Kusalākusalā dhammā</hi>tiādīsu <hi rend="bold">kusalā</hi>ti kosallasambhūtā anavajjasukhavipākā. <hi rend="bold">Akusalā</hi>ti akosallasambhūtā sāvajjadukkhavipākā. <hi rend="bold">Sāvajjā</hi>ti akusalā. <hi rend="bold">Anavajjā</hi>ti kusalā. <hi rend="bold">Hīnapaṇītakaṇhasukkesu</hi>pi eseva nayo. <hi rend="bold">Sappaṭibhāgā</hi>ti kaṇhasukkāyeva. Kaṇhā hi kaṇhavipākadānato <pb ed="M" n="3.0179" />, sukkā ca sukkavipākadānato sappaṭibhāgā nāma, sadisavipākakoṭṭhāsāti attho. Paṭipakkhabhūtassa vā bhāgassa atthitāya sappaṭibhāgā. Kaṇhānañhi sukkā paṭipakkhabhāgā, sukkānañca kaṇhā paṭipakkhabhāgāti evampi sappaṭibhāgā. Sappaṭibāhitaṭṭhena vā sappaṭibhāgā. Akusalañhi kusalaṃ paṭibāhitvā attano vipākaṃ deti, kusalañca akusalaṃ paṭibāhitvāti evampi kaṇhasukkā sappaṭibhāgā.</p>

<p rend="bodytext"><hi rend="bold">Ārambhadhātū</hi>ti paṭhamārambhavīriyaṃ. <hi rend="bold">Nikkamadhātū</hi>ti kosajjato nikkhantattā tato balavataraṃ. <hi rend="bold">Parakkamadhātū</hi>ti paraṃ paraṃ ṭhānaṃ akkamanatāya tatopi balavataranti tīhipi padehi vīriyameva kathitaṃ.</p>

<p rend="bodytext"><hi rend="bold">Pītisambojjhaṅgaṭṭhānīyā</hi>ti pītiyā ārammaṇadhammā. <hi rend="bold">Kāyapassaddhī</hi>ti tiṇṇaṃ khandhānaṃ darathapassaddhi. <hi rend="bold">Cittapassaddhī</hi>ti viññāṇakkhandhassa darathapassaddhi. <hi rend="bold">Samathanimitta</hi>nti samathopi samathanimittaṃ, ārammaṇampi. <hi rend="bold">Abyagganimitta</hi>nti tasseva vevacanaṃ.</p>

<p rend="bodytext"><hi rend="bold">Upekkhāsambojjhaṅgaṭṭhānīyā</hi>ti upekkhāya ārammaṇadhammā, atthato pana majjhattākāro upekkhāṭṭhānīyā dhammoti veditabbo. Evamettha satidhammavicayaupekkhāsambojjhaṅgā ārammaṇena kathitā, sesā ārammaṇenapi upanissayenapi.</p>

<p rend="subhead">3. Sīlasuttavaṇṇanā</p>

<p rend="bodytext" n="184"><hi rend="paranum">184</hi><hi rend="dot">.</hi> Tatiye <hi rend="bold">sīlasampannā</hi>ti ettha khīṇāsavassa lokiyalokuttarasīlaṃ kathitaṃ, tena sampannāti attho. <hi rend="bold">Samādhipaññāsu</hi>pi <pb ed="P" n="3.0142" /> eseva nayo. <hi rend="bold">Vimutti</hi> pana phalavimuttiyeva. <hi rend="bold">Vimuttiñāṇadassanaṃ</hi><pb ed="V" n="3.0179" /> paccavekkhaṇañāṇaṃ. Evamettha sīlādayo tayo lokiyalokuttarā, vimutti lokuttarāva, vimuttiñāṇadassanaṃ lokiyameva.</p>

<p rend="bodytext"><hi rend="bold">Dassanampāha</hi>nti dassanampi ahaṃ. Taṃ panetaṃ dassanaṃ – cakkhudassanaṃ, ñāṇadassananti duvidhaṃ. Tattha pasannehi cakkhūhi ariyānaṃ dassanaṃ olokanaṃ cakkhudassanaṃ nāma. Ariyehi pana diṭṭhassa lakkhaṇassa dassanaṃ, paṭividdhassa ca paṭivijjhanaṃ jhānena vā vipassanāya vā maggaphalehi vā ñāṇadassanaṃ nāma. Imasmiṃ panettha cakkhudassanaṃ adhippetaṃ. Ariyānañhi pasannehi cakkhūhi olokanampi <pb ed="M" n="3.0180" /> bahukārameva. <hi rend="bold">Savana</hi>nti ‘‘asuko nāma khīṇāsavo asukasmiṃ nāma raṭṭhe vā janapade vā gāme vā nigame vā vihāre vā leṇe vā vasatī’’ti kathentānaṃ sotena savanaṃ, etampi bahukārameva. <hi rend="bold">Upasaṅkamana</hi>nti ‘‘dānaṃ vā dassāmi, pañhaṃ vā pucchissāmi, dhammaṃ vā sossāmi, sakkāraṃ vā karissāmī’’ti evarūpena cittena ariyānaṃ upasaṅkamanaṃ. <hi rend="bold">Payirupāsana</hi>nti pañhāpayirupāsanaṃ. Ariyānaṃ guṇe sutvā te upasaṅkamitvā nimantetvā dānaṃ datvā ‘‘kiṃ, bhante, kusala’’ntiādinā nayena pañhapucchananti attho.</p>

<p rend="bodytext"><hi rend="bold">Anussati</hi>nti rattiṭṭhānadivāṭṭhānesu nisinnassa ‘‘idāni ariyā leṇaguhamaṇḍapādīsu jhānavipassanāmaggaphalasukhehi vītināmentī’’ti anussaraṇaṃ. Yo vā tesaṃ santike ovādo laddho hoti, taṃ āvajjitvā ‘‘imasmiṃ ṭhāne sīlaṃ kathitaṃ, imasmiṃ samādhi, imasmiṃ vipassanā, imasmiṃ maggo, imasmiṃ phala’’nti evaṃ anussaraṇaṃ. <hi rend="bold">Anupabbajja</hi>nti ariyesu cittaṃ pasādetvā gharā nikkhamma tesaṃ santike pabbajjaṃ. Ariyānañhi santike cittaṃ pasādetvā tesaṃyeva santike pabbajitvā tesaṃyeva ovādānusāsaniṃ paccāsīsamānassa caratopi pabbajjā anupabbajjā nāma. Ariyesu pasādena aññattha pabbajitvā ariyānaṃ santike ovādānusāsaniṃ paccāsīsamānassa carato pabbajjāpi anupabbajjā nāma. Aññesu pana pasādena aññesaṃyeva santike pabbajitvā aññesaṃyeva ovādānusāsaniṃ paccāsīsamānassa carato pabbajjā anupabbajjā nāma na hoti.</p>

<p rend="bodytext">Evaṃ pabbajitesu pana mahākassapattherassa tāva anupabbajjaṃ pabbajitā satasahassamattā ahesuṃ, tathā <pb ed="P" n="3.0143" /> therasseva saddhivihārikassa ca candaguttattherassa, tassāpi saddhivihārikassa sūriyaguttattherassa, tassāpi saddhivihārikassa assaguttattherassa, tassāpi saddhivihārikassa yonakadhammarakkhitattherassa <pb ed="V" n="3.0180" />, tassa pana saddhivihāriko asokarañño kaniṭṭhabhātā tissatthero nāma ahosi, tassa anupabbajjaṃ pabbajitā aḍḍhateyyakoṭisaṅkhā ahesuṃ. Mahindattherassa anupabbajitānaṃ gaṇanaparicchedo natthi. Yāvajjadivasā laṅkādīpe satthari pasādena pabbajantā mahindattherasseva pabbajjaṃ anupabbajanti nāma.</p>

<p rend="bodytext"><hi rend="bold">Taṃ</hi><pb ed="M" n="3.0181" /><hi rend="bold">dhamma</hi>nti taṃ tesaṃ ovādānusāsanīdhammaṃ. <hi rend="bold">Anussaratī</hi>ti sarati. <hi rend="bold">Anuvitakketī</hi>ti vitakkāhataṃ karoti. <hi rend="bold">Āraddho hotī</hi>ti paripuṇṇo hoti. <hi rend="bold">Pavicinatī</hi>tiādi sabbaṃ tattha ñāṇacāravaseneva vuttaṃ. Atha vā <hi rend="bold">pavicinatī</hi>ti tesaṃ tesaṃ dhammānaṃ lakkhaṇaṃ vicinati. <hi rend="bold">Pavicaratī</hi>ti tattha ñāṇaṃ carāpeti. <hi rend="bold">Parivīmaṃsamāpajjatī</hi>ti vīmaṃsanaṃ olokanaṃ gavesanaṃ āpajjati.</p>

<p rend="bodytext"><hi rend="bold">Satta phalā sattānisaṃsā</hi>ti ubhayampetaṃ atthato ekaṃ. <hi rend="bold">Diṭṭheva dhamme paṭikacca aññaṃ ārādhetī</hi>ti arahattaṃ ārādhento imasmiṃyeva attabhāve ārādheti, tañca kho paṭikacca, asampatteyeva maraṇakāleti attho. <hi rend="bold">Atha maraṇakāle</hi>ti atha maraṇassa āsannakāle.</p>

<p rend="bodytext"><hi rend="bold">Antarāparinibbāyī</hi>ti yo āyuvemajjhaṃ anatikkamitvā parinibbāyati, so tividho hoti. Kappasahassāyukesu tāva avihesu nibbattitvā eko nibbattadivaseyeva arahattaṃ pāpuṇāti. No ce nibbattadivase pāpuṇāti, paṭhamassa pana kappasatassa matthake pāpuṇāti. Ayameko antarāparinibbāyī. Aparo evaṃ asakkonto dvinnaṃ kappasatānaṃ matthake pāpuṇāti, ayaṃ dutiyo. Aparo evampi asakkonto catunnaṃ kappasatānaṃ matthake pāpuṇāti, ayaṃ tatiyo antarāparinibbāyī.</p>

<p rend="bodytext">Pañcamaṃ pana kappasataṃ atikkamitvā arahattaṃ patto <hi rend="bold">upahaccaparinibbāyī</hi> nāma hoti. Atappādīsupi eseva nayo. Yattha katthaci uppanno pana sasaṅkhārena sappayogena arahattaṃ <pb ed="P" n="3.0144" /> patto <hi rend="bold">sasaṅkhāraparinibbāyī</hi> nāma, asaṅkhārena appayogena patto <hi rend="bold">asaṅkhāraparinibbāyī</hi> nāma. Avihādīsupi nibbatto tattha yāvatāyukaṃ ṭhatvā uparūpari nibbattitvā akaniṭṭhaṃ patto <hi rend="bold">uddhaṃsoto akaniṭṭhagāmī</hi> nāma.</p>

<p rend="bodytext">Imasmiṃ <pb ed="V" n="3.0181" /> pana ṭhāne <hi rend="bold">aṭṭhacattārīsa anāgāmino</hi> kathetabbā. Avihesu hi tayo antarāparinibbāyī, eko upahaccaparinibbāyī, eko uddhaṃsoto akaniṭṭhagāmīti pañca honti. Te asaṅkhāraparinibbāyino pañca, sasaṅkhāraparinibbāyino pañcāti dasa honti, tathā atappādīsu. Akaniṭṭhesu pana uddhaṃsoto natthi, tasmā tattha cattāro sasaṅkhāraparinibbāyī, cattāro asaṅkhāraparinibbāyīti aṭṭhāti evaṃ aṭṭhacattālīsa honti. Tesaṃ uddhaṃsoto akaniṭṭhagāmī sabbajeṭṭho ceva hoti <pb ed="M" n="3.0182" /> sabbakaniṭṭho ca. Kathaṃ? So hi soḷasakappasahassāyukattā āyunā sabbesaṃ jeṭṭho, sabbapacchā arahattaṃ pāpuṇīti sabbesaṃ kaniṭṭho. Imasmiṃ sutte apubbaṃ acarimaṃ ekacittakkhaṇikā nānālakkhaṇā arahattamaggassa pubbabhāgavipassanā bojjhaṅgā kathitā.</p>

<p rend="subhead">4. Vatthasuttavaṇṇanā</p>

<p rend="bodytext" n="185"><hi rend="paranum">185</hi><hi rend="dot">.</hi> Catutthe <hi rend="bold">satisambojjhaṅgo iti ce me hotī</hi>ti satisambojjhaṅgoti evaṃ ce mayhaṃ hoti. <hi rend="bold">Appamāṇoti me hotī</hi>ti appamāṇoti evaṃ me hoti. <hi rend="bold">Susamāraddho</hi>ti suparipuṇṇo. <hi rend="bold">Tiṭṭhatī</hi>ti ettha aṭṭhahākārehi satisambojjhaṅgo tiṭṭhati – uppādaṃ anāvajjitattā anuppādaṃ āvajjitattā satisambojjhaṅgo tiṭṭhati, pavattaṃ, appavattaṃ, nimittaṃ, animittaṃ saṅkhāre anāvajjitattā, visaṅkhāraṃ āvajjitattā satisambojjhaṅgo tiṭṭhatīti. Imehi aṭṭhahākārehi tiṭṭhatīti thero jānāti, vuttākāraviparīteheva aṭṭhahākārehi cavantaṃ cavatīti pajānāti. Sesabojjhaṅgesupi eseva nayo.</p>

<p rend="bodytext">Iti imasmiṃ sutte therassa phalabojjhaṅgā kathitā. Yadā hi thero satisambojjhaṅgaṃ sīsaṃ katvā phalasamāpattiṃ samāpajjati, tadā itare cha tadanvayā honti. Yadā dhammavicayādīsu aññataraṃ, tadāpi sesā tadanvayā hontīti evaṃ phalasamāpattiyaṃ attano ciṇṇavasitaṃ dassento thero imaṃ suttaṃ kathesīti.</p>

<p rend="subhead">5. Bhikkhusuttavaṇṇanā</p>

<p rend="bodytext" n="186"><hi rend="paranum">186</hi><hi rend="dot">.</hi> Pañcame <pb ed="P" n="3.0145" /><hi rend="bold">bodhāya saṃvattantī</hi>ti bujjhanatthāya saṃvattanti. Kiṃ bujjhanatthāya? Maggena <pb ed="V" n="3.0182" /> asaṅkhataṃ nibbānaṃ, paccavekkhaṇāya katakiccataṃ, maggena vā kilesaniddāto pabujjhanatthāya, phalena pabujjhanabhāvatthāyātipi vuttaṃ hoti. Tenevettha nibbānasacchikiriyā kilesapahānapaccavekkhaṇāti sabbaṃ dassitaṃ.</p>

<p rend="subhead">6-7. Kuṇḍaliyasuttādivaṇṇanā</p>

<p rend="bodytext" n="187-188"><hi rend="paranum">187-188</hi><hi rend="dot">.</hi> Chaṭṭhe <pb ed="M" n="3.0183" /><hi rend="bold">ārāmanissayī</hi>ti ārāmaṃ nissāya vasanabhāvena ārāmanissayī. <hi rend="bold">Parisāvacaro</hi>ti parisāya avacaro. Parisaṃ nāma bālāpi, paṇḍitāpi osaranti, yo pana parappavādaṃ madditvā attano vādaṃ dīpetuṃ sakkoti, ayaṃ parisāvacaro nāma. <hi rend="bold">Ārāmena ārāma</hi>nti ārāmeneva ārāmaṃ anucaṅkamāmi, na bāhirenāti attho. <hi rend="bold">Uyyānena uyyāna</hi>nti etthāpi eseva nayo. Aññena vā ārāmena pavisitvā aññaṃ ārāmaṃ, aññena uyyānena aññaṃ uyyānanti ayamettha attho. <hi rend="bold">Itivādappamokkhānisaṃsa</hi>nti ‘‘evaṃ pucchā hoti, evaṃ vissajjanaṃ, evaṃ gahaṇaṃ, evaṃ nibbeṭhana’’nti iminā nayena itivādo hoti itivādappamokkhoti etaṃ ānisaṃsaṃ. <hi rend="bold">Upārambhānisaṃsa</hi>nti ‘‘ayaṃ pucchāya doso, ayaṃ vissajjane’’ti evaṃ vādadosānisaṃsaṃ.</p>

<p rend="bodytext"><hi rend="bold">Kathaṃ bhāvito ca, kuṇḍaliya, indriyasaṃvaro</hi>ti satthā ‘‘ettakaṃ ṭhānaṃ paribbājakena pucchitaṃ, idāni pucchituṃ na sakkotī’’ti ñatvā ‘‘na tāva ayaṃ desanā yathānusandhiṃ gatā. Idāni naṃ yathānusandhiṃ pāpessāmī’’ti sayameva pucchanto imaṃ desanaṃ ārabhi. Tattha <hi rend="bold">manāpaṃ nābhijjhatī</hi>ti iṭṭhārammaṇaṃ nābhijjhāyati. <hi rend="bold">Nābhihaṃsatī</hi>ti na sāmisāya tuṭṭhiyā abhihaṃsati. <hi rend="bold">Tassa ṭhito ca kāyo hoti, ṭhitaṃ cittaṃ ajjhatta</hi>nti tassa nāmakāyo ca cittañca gocarajjhatte ṭhitaṃ hoti. <hi rend="bold">Susaṇṭhita</hi>nti kammaṭṭhānavasena suṭṭhu saṇṭhitaṃ. <hi rend="bold">Suvimutta</hi>nti kammaṭṭhānavimuttiyā suvimuttaṃ. <hi rend="bold">Amanāpa</hi>nti aniṭṭhārammaṇaṃ. <hi rend="bold">Na maṅku hotī</hi>ti tasmiṃ na maṅku hoti. <hi rend="bold">Appatiṭṭhitacitto</hi>ti kilesavasena <pb ed="P" n="3.0146" /> aṭṭhitacitto. <hi rend="bold">Adīnamānaso</hi>ti domanassavasena adīnacitto. <hi rend="bold">Abyāpannacetaso</hi>ti dosavasena apūticitto.</p>

<p rend="bodytext"><hi rend="bold">Evaṃ bhāvito kho, kuṇḍaliya, indriyasaṃvaro evaṃ bahulīkato tīṇi sucaritāni paripūretī</hi>ti ettha evaṃ sucaritapūraṇaṃ veditabbaṃ – imesu tāva chasu dvāresu aṭṭhārasa duccaritāni <pb ed="V" n="3.0183" /> honti. Kathaṃ? Cakkhudvāre tāva <pb ed="M" n="3.0184" /> iṭṭhārammaṇe āpāthagate kāyaṅgavācaṅgāni acopetvā tasmiṃ ārammaṇe lobhaṃ uppādentassa manoduccaritaṃ hoti. Lobhasahagatena cittena ‘‘aho vatidaṃ iṭṭhaṃ kantaṃ manāpa’’nti bhaṇantassa vacīduccaritaṃ, tadeva hatthena parāmasantassa kāyaduccaritaṃ. Sesadvāresupi eseva nayo.</p>

<p rend="bodytext">Ayaṃ pana viseso – sotadvārasmiñhi saddārammaṇassa vatthubhūtaṃ saṅkhapaṇavāditūriyabhaṇḍaṃ anāmāsaṃ āmasantassa, ghānadvāre gandhārammaṇassa vatthubhūtaṃ gandhamālādiṃ, jivhādvāre rasārammaṇassa vatthubhūtaṃ macchamaṃsādiṃ, kāyadvāre phoṭṭhabbārammaṇassa vatthubhūtaṃ vatthatūlakapāvārādiṃ, manodvāre paññattivasena dhammārammaṇabhūtaṃ sappitelamadhuphāṇitādiṃ āmasantassa kāyaduccaritaṃ veditabbaṃ. Saṅkhepato panettha chasu dvāresu kāyavītikkamo kāyaduccaritaṃ, vacīvītikkamo vacīduccaritaṃ, manovītikkamo manoduccaritanti tīṇeva duccaritāni honti.</p>

<p rend="bodytext">Ayaṃ pana bhikkhu attano bhāvanāpaṭisaṅkhāne ṭhito imāni duccaritāni sucaritaṃ katvā vipariṇāmeti. Kathaṃ? Cakkhudvāre tāva iṭṭhārammaṇe āpāthagate kāyaṅgavācaṅgāni acāletvā rūpārammaṇaṃ vipassanaṃ paṭṭhāpayato manosucaritaṃ hoti, vipassanāsahagatena cittena khayadhammaṃ vayadhammanti bhaṇantassa vacīsucaritaṃ, ‘‘anāmāsabhaṇḍaṃ eta’’nti anāmasantassa kāyasucaritaṃ. Sesadvāresupi eseva nayo. Evaṃ imāni vitthārato aṭṭhārasa sucaritāni honti. Saṅkhepato <pb ed="P" n="3.0147" /> panetthāpi chasu dvāresu kāyasaṃvaro kāyasucaritaṃ, vacīsaṃvaro vacīsucaritaṃ, manosaṃvaro manosucaritanti tīṇeva sucaritāni honti. Evaṃ indriyasaṃvaro tīṇi sucaritāni paripūretīti veditabbo. Ettāvatā sīlānurakkhitaṃ indriyasaṃvarasīlaṃ kathitaṃ.</p>

<p rend="bodytext"><hi rend="bold">Kāyaduccaritaṃ pahāyā</hi>tiādīsu tividhaṃ kāyaduccaritaṃ, catubbidhaṃ vacīduccaritaṃ, tividhaṃ manoduccaritaṃ. Tassa paṭipakkhavasena kāyasucaritādīni veditabbāni. Ettāvatā kāyasaṃvaravacīsaṃvarehi pātimokkhasīlaṃ, manosaṃvarena tīṇi sīlānīti catupārisuddhisīlaṃ kathitaṃ hoti. Sakale pana imasmiṃ sutte sucaritamūlakā satipaṭṭhānā lokuttaramissakā, sattannaṃ bojjhaṅgānaṃ <pb ed="M" n="3.0185" /> mūlabhūtā satipaṭṭhānā pubbabhāgā, tepi satipaṭṭhānamūlakā bojjhaṅgā pubbabhāgāva. Vijjāvimuttimūlakā pana lokuttarāva kathitāti veditabbā. Sattamaṃ uttānameva.</p>

<p rend="subhead">8. Upavānasuttavaṇṇanā</p>

<p rend="bodytext" n="189"><hi rend="paranum">189</hi><hi rend="dot">.</hi> Aṭṭhame <pb ed="V" n="3.0184" /><hi rend="bold">paccatta</hi>nti attanāva. <hi rend="bold">Yonisomanasikārā</hi>ti yoniso manasikārena. <hi rend="bold">Ārabbhamānovā</hi>ti kurumānoyeva. <hi rend="bold">Suvimutta</hi>nti kammaṭṭhānavimuttiyā suṭṭhu vimuttaṃ. <hi rend="bold">Aṭṭhiṃkatvā</hi>ti atthaṃ karitvā, atthiko hutvāti vuttaṃ hoti.</p>

<p rend="subhead">9. Paṭhamauppannasuttavaṇṇanā</p>

<p rend="bodytext" n="190"><hi rend="paranum">190</hi><hi rend="dot">.</hi> Navame <hi rend="bold">nāññatra tathāgatassa pātubhāvā</hi>ti tathāgatassa pātubhāvaṃ vinā na aññasmiṃ kāle uppajjantīti attho.</p>

<p rend="subhead">10. Dutiyauppannasuttavaṇṇanā</p>

<p rend="bodytext" n="191"><hi rend="paranum">191</hi><hi rend="dot">.</hi> Dasame <hi rend="bold">nāññatra sugatavinayā</hi>ti sugatovādaṃ vinā na uppajjantīti.</p>

<p rend="centre">Pabbatavaggo.</p>

<p rend="title">2. Gilānavaggo</p>

<p rend="subhead">1-3. Pāṇasuttādivaṇṇanā</p>

<p rend="bodytext" n="192-194"><hi rend="paranum">192-194</hi><hi rend="dot">.</hi> Dutiyavaggassa paṭhame <hi rend="bold">cattāro iriyāpathe kappentī</hi>ti yesaṃ cattāro iriyāpathā atthi, tesaṃyeva vasenetaṃ <pb ed="P" n="3.0148" /> vuttaṃ. <hi rend="bold">Sīlaṃ nissāyā</hi>ti catupārisuddhisīlaṃ nissayaṃ katvā. <hi rend="bold">Satta bojjhaṅge</hi>ti sahavipassanake maggabojjhaṅge. Dutiyatatiyāni uttānatthāneva.</p>

<p rend="subhead">4-10. Paṭhamagilānasuttādivaṇṇanā</p>

<p rend="bodytext" n="195-201"><hi rend="paranum">195-201</hi><hi rend="dot">.</hi> Catutthe <pb ed="V" n="3.0185" /><hi rend="bold">tathā pahīno cāyasmato mahākassapassa so ābādho ahosī</hi>ti therassa kira imaṃ bojjhaṅgabhāvanaṃ sādhukaṃ <pb ed="M" n="3.0186" /> suṇantassa etadahosi ‘‘mayhaṃ pabbajitadivasato sattame divase saccāni paṭivijjhantassa ime bojjhaṅgā pātubhūtā’’ti. Athassa ‘‘niyyānikaṃ vata satthusāsana’’nti cintayato lohitaṃ pasīdi, upādārūpaṃ visuddhaṃ ahosi, pokkharapatte patitaudakabindu viya sarīrato rogo vinivattitvā gato. Tena vuttaṃ ‘‘tathā pahīno cāyasmato mahākassapassa so ābādho ahosī’’ti. Pañcamachaṭṭhesupi eseva nayo. Imesaṃ pana tiṇṇampi janānaṃ pabbatapāde pupphitavisarukkhavātasamphassena uppanno mandasītajaro ābādhoti veditabbo. Sesaṃ sabbattha uttānamevāti.</p>

<p rend="centre">Gilānavaggo.</p>

<p rend="title">3. Udāyivaggo</p>

<p rend="subhead">1-2. Bodhāyasuttādivaṇṇanā</p>

<p rend="bodytext" n="202-203"><hi rend="paranum">202-203</hi><hi rend="dot">.</hi> Tatiyavaggassa paṭhame <hi rend="bold">kittāvatā nu kho, bhante, bojjhaṅgāti vuccantī</hi>ti bhante, kittakena nu kho bujjhanakaaṅgā nāma vuccantīti pucchati. <hi rend="bold">Bodhāya saṃvattantī</hi>ti bujjhanatthāya saṃvattanti. Imasmiṃ sutte missakabojjhaṅgā kathitā. Dutiye dhammaparicchedo kathito.</p>

<p rend="subhead">3-5. Ṭhāniyasuttādivaṇṇanā</p>

<p rend="bodytext" n="204-206"><hi rend="paranum">204-206</hi><hi rend="dot">.</hi> Tatiye <pb ed="P" n="3.0149" /><hi rend="bold">kāmarāgaṭṭhāniyāna</hi>nti kāmarāgassa kāraṇabhūtānaṃ ārammaṇadhammānaṃ. <hi rend="bold">Byāpādaṭṭhāniyā</hi>dīsupi eseva nayo. Sakalañhi idaṃ suttaṃ ārammaṇeneva kathitaṃ. Paṭhamavaggassa <pb ed="V" n="3.0186" /> dutiyasutte vuttaparicchedopettha labbhateva. Catutthe missakabojjhaṅgā kathitā. Pañcame <hi rend="bold">aparihāniye dhamme</hi>ti aparihānikare sabhāvadhamme.</p>

<p rend="subhead">6-7. Taṇhakkhayasuttādivaṇṇanā</p>

<p rend="bodytext" n="207-208"><hi rend="paranum">207-208</hi><hi rend="dot">.</hi> Chaṭṭhe <hi rend="bold">etadavocā</hi>ti ‘‘imissaṃ parisati nisinno udāyitthero nāma anusandhikusalo bhikkhu atthi, so maṃ pucchissatīti bhagavatā <pb ed="M" n="3.0187" /> osāpitadesanaṃ ñatvā desanānusandhiṃ ghaṭessāmī’’ti pucchanto etaṃ avoca. <hi rend="bold">Vipula</hi>ntiādi sabbaṃ subhāvitattaṃ sandhāya vuttaṃ. Subhāvito hi satisambojjhaṅgo vipulo ca mahaggato ca appamāṇo ca abyāpajjo ca nāma hoti. So hi patthaṭattā <hi rend="bold">vipulo,</hi> mahantabhāvaṃ gatattā <hi rend="bold">mahaggato,</hi> vaḍḍhipamāṇattā <hi rend="bold">appamāṇo,</hi> nīvaraṇānaṃ dūrībhāvena byāpādarahitattā <hi rend="bold">abyāpajjho</hi> nāma hoti. <hi rend="bold">Taṇhāya pahānā kammaṃ pahīyatī</hi>ti yaṃ taṇhāmūlakaṃ kammaṃ uppajjeyya, taṃ taṇhāpahānena pahīyati. <hi rend="bold">Kammassa pahānā dukkha</hi>nti yampi kammamūlakaṃ vaṭṭadukkhaṃ uppajjeyya, taṃ kammapahānena pahīyati. Taṇhakkhayādayo taṇhādīnaṃyeva khayā, atthato panetehi nibbānaṃ kathitanti veditabbaṃ. Sattamaṃ uttānameva.</p>

<p rend="subhead">8. Nibbedhabhāgiyasuttavaṇṇanā</p>

<p rend="bodytext" n="209"><hi rend="paranum">209</hi><hi rend="dot">.</hi> Aṭṭhame <pb ed="P" n="3.0150" /><hi rend="bold">nibbedhabhāgiya</hi>nti nibbijjhanakoṭṭhāsiyaṃ. <hi rend="bold">Satisambojjhaṅgaṃ bhāvitenā</hi>ti satisambojjhaṅgena bhāvitena, satisambojjhaṅgaṃ vā bhāvetvā ṭhitena, evamettha maggabojjhaṅgā missakā. Tehi bhāvitaṃ, te vā bhāvetvā ṭhitaṃ cittaṃ nibbattitalokuttarameva. Tampi pana magganissitaṃ katvā missakameva kathetuṃ vaṭṭati.</p>

<p rend="subhead">9. Ekadhammasuttavaṇṇanā</p>

<p rend="bodytext" n="210"><hi rend="paranum">210</hi><hi rend="dot">.</hi> Navame <hi rend="bold">saṃyojanavinibandhā</hi>ti saṃyojanasaṅkhātā vinibandhā. <hi rend="bold">Ajjhosānā</hi>ti pariniṭṭhapetvā gahaṇā.</p>

<p rend="subhead">10. Udāyisuttavaṇṇanā</p>

<p rend="bodytext" n="211"><hi rend="paranum">211</hi><hi rend="dot">.</hi> Dasame <pb ed="V" n="3.0187" /><hi rend="bold">abahukato</hi>ti akatabahumāno. <hi rend="bold">Ukkujjāvakujja</hi>nti ettha ukkujjaṃ vuccati udayo, avakujjaṃ vayoti udayabbayavasena parivattento sammasantoti dīpeti. <hi rend="bold">Dhammo ca me, bhante, abhisamito</hi>ti vipassanādhammo abhisamāgato. <hi rend="bold">Maggo</hi>ti vipassanāmaggova. Sace hi thero tasmiṃ samaye sotāpanno, upari tiṇṇaṃ maggānaṃ atthāya, sace <pb ed="M" n="3.0188" /> anāgāmī, arahattamaggassa atthāya ayaṃ vipassanā veditabbā. <hi rend="bold">Tathā tathā viharanta</hi>nti tena tenākārena viharantaṃ. <hi rend="bold">Tathattāyā</hi>ti tathābhāvāya. <hi rend="bold">Khīṇā jātī</hi>tiādīhi tathattāyāti adhippetaṃ tathābhāvaṃ dasseti. Paccavekkhaṇatthāya upanīyatīti hi ettha adhippāyo, taṃ dassento evamāha. Sesaṃ sabbattha uttānamevāti.</p>

<p rend="centre">Udāyivaggo.</p>

<p rend="title">4. Nīvaraṇavaggo</p>

<p rend="subhead">3-4. Upakkilesasuttādivaṇṇanā</p>

<p rend="bodytext" n="214-215"><hi rend="paranum">214-215</hi><hi rend="dot">.</hi> Catutthavaggassa tatiye <hi rend="bold">na ca pabhassara</hi>nti na ca pabhāvantaṃ. <hi rend="bold">Pabhaṅgu cā</hi>ti pabhijjanasabhāvaṃ. <hi rend="bold">Ayo</hi>ti kāḷalohaṃ. Ṭhapetvā idha vuttāni cattāri avasesaṃ <hi rend="bold">lohaṃ</hi> nāma. <hi rend="bold">Sajjhū</hi>ti rajataṃ. <hi rend="bold">Cittassā</hi>ti catubhūmakacittassa. Lokiyassa tāva upakkileso hotu <pb ed="P" n="3.0151" />, lokuttarassa kathaṃ hotīti? Uppajjituṃ appadānena. Yadaggena hi uppajjituṃ na denti, tadaggeneva te lokiyassāpi lokuttarassāpi upakkilesā nāma honti. <hi rend="bold">Pabhaṅgu cā</hi>ti ārammaṇe cuṇṇavicuṇṇabhāvūpagamanena bhijjanasabhāvaṃ. <hi rend="bold">Anāvaraṇā anīvaraṇā</hi>ti kusaladhamme na āvarantīti anāvaraṇā, na nīvaranti na paṭicchādentīti anīvaraṇā. <hi rend="bold">Cetaso anupakkilesā</hi>ti catubhūmakacittassa anupakkilesā.</p>

<p rend="subhead">8. Āvaraṇanīvaraṇasuttavaṇṇanā</p>

<p rend="bodytext" n="219"><hi rend="paranum">219</hi><hi rend="dot">.</hi> Aṭṭhame <pb ed="V" n="3.0188" /><hi rend="bold">paññāya dubbalīkaraṇā</hi>ti paññāya mandabhāvakarā. Nīvaraṇānañhi abhiṇhuppāde sati antarantarā uppajjamānā paññā dubbalā hoti mandā avisadā.</p>

<p rend="bodytext"><hi rend="bold">Pañca nīvaraṇā tasmiṃ samaye na honti. Sattabojjhaṅgā tasmiṃ samaye bhāvanāpāripūriṃ gacchantī</hi>ti ariyasāvakassa hi sappāyadhammassavanaṃ suṇantassa <pb ed="M" n="3.0189" /> pañca nīvaraṇā dūre honti. So sace tasmiṃyeva ṭhāne visesaṃ nibbattetuṃ sakkoti, evamassa satta bojjhaṅgā bhāvanāpāripūriṃ gacchanti. No ce sakkoti, tato vuṭṭhāya rattiṭṭhānadivāṭṭhānaṃ gato tameva pītiṃ avijahanto pañca nīvaraṇe vikkhambhetvā visesaṃ nibbattessati. Tattha asakkontopi yāva sattadivasabbhantarā tameva pītiṃ avijahanto nīvaraṇe vikkhambhetvā visesaṃ nibbattessatīti idaṃ sandhāyetaṃ vuttaṃ. Dhammassavanavasena sakiṃ pītipāmojjapakkhiyā paṭiladdhabojjhaṅgā hi kammārāmatādīni āgamma nassanti, tathārūpaṃ pana utusappāyādiṃ labhitvā puna uppajjantāpi tasmiṃ samaye bhāvanāpāripūriṃ gacchanti icceva vuccati.</p>

<p rend="subhead">9. Rukkhasuttavaṇṇanā</p>

<p rend="bodytext" n="220"><hi rend="paranum">220</hi><hi rend="dot">.</hi> Navame <hi rend="bold">ajjhāruhā</hi>ti abhiruhanakā. <hi rend="bold">Kacchako</hi>ti aṭṭhikacchako. <hi rend="bold">Kapitthano</hi>ti makkaṭathanasadisaphalo vijātapilakkho.</p>

<p rend="subhead">10. Nīvaraṇasuttavaṇṇanā</p>

<p rend="bodytext" n="221"><hi rend="paranum">221</hi><hi rend="dot">.</hi> Dasame <pb ed="P" n="3.0152" /><hi rend="bold">andhakaraṇā</hi>ti andhabhāvakaraṇā. <hi rend="bold">Acakkhukaraṇā</hi>ti paññācakkhussa akaraṇā. <hi rend="bold">Paññānirodhikā</hi>ti paññāya nirodhanā. <hi rend="bold">Vighātapakkhiyā</hi>ti dukkhapakkhikā. <hi rend="bold">Anibbānasaṃvattanikā</hi>ti nibbānatthāya asaṃvattanikā. Sesaṃ sabbattha uttānatthameva. Sakalepi imasmiṃ vagge missakabojjhaṅgāva kathitāti.</p>

<p rend="centre">Nīvaraṇavaggo.</p>

<p rend="title">5. Cakkavattivaggo</p>

<p rend="subhead">1. Vidhāsuttavaṇṇanā</p>

<p rend="bodytext" n="222"><hi rend="paranum">222</hi><hi rend="dot">.</hi> Pañcamavaggassa <pb ed="V" n="3.0189" /> paṭhame <hi rend="bold">tisso vidhā</hi>ti tayo mānakoṭṭhāsā, mānoyeva vā. Tathā tathā vidahanato hi mānova vidhāti vuccati.</p>

<p rend="subhead">2. Cakkavattisuttavaṇṇanā</p>

<p rend="bodytext" n="223"><hi rend="paranum">223</hi><hi rend="dot">.</hi> Dutiye <pb ed="M" n="3.0190" /><hi rend="bold">rañño, bhikkhave, cakkavattissā</hi>ti ettha attano sirisampattiyā rājati, catūhi vā saṅgahavatthūhi lokaṃ rañjetīti rājā, tassa <hi rend="bold">rañño</hi>. ‘‘Pavattatu bhavaṃ cakkaratana’’nti puññānubhāvena abbhuggatāya vācāya codento cakkaṃ vattetīti cakkavattī, tassa <hi rend="bold">cakkavattissa. Pātubhāvā</hi>ti pātubhāvena. <hi rend="bold">Sattanna</hi>nti gaṇanaparicchedo. <hi rend="bold">Ratanāna</hi>nti paricchinnaatthadassanaṃ. Vacanattho panettha ratijananaṭṭhena <hi rend="bold">ratanaṃ</hi>. Apica –</p>

<p rend="gatha1">‘‘Cittīkataṃ mahagghañca, atulaṃ dullabhadassanaṃ;</p>

<p rend="gathalast">Anomasattaparibhogaṃ, ratanaṃ tena vuccatī’’ti.</p>

<p rend="bodytext">Cakkaratanassa ca nibbattakālato paṭṭhāya aññaṃ devaṭṭhānaṃ nāma na hoti, sabbeva gandhapupphādīhi tasseva pūjañca abhivādanādīni ca karontīti <hi rend="bold">cittīkataṭṭhena</hi> ratanaṃ. Cakkaratanassa ca ‘‘ettakaṃ nāma dhanaṃ agghatī’’ti aggho natthi, iti <hi rend="bold">mahagghaṭṭhenāpi</hi> ratanaṃ. Cakkaratanañca aññehi loke vijjamānaratanehi asadisanti <hi rend="bold">atulaṭṭhena</hi> ratanaṃ. Yasmā pana yasmiṃ kappe buddhā uppajjanti <pb ed="P" n="3.0153" />, tasmiṃyeva cakkavattino, buddhā ca kadāci karahaci uppajjanti, tasmā <hi rend="bold">dullabhadassanaṭṭhena</hi> ratanaṃ. Tadetaṃ jātirūpakulaissariyādīhi anomassa uḷārasattasseva uppajjati, na aññassāti <hi rend="bold">anomasattaparibhogaṭṭhenāpi</hi> ratanaṃ. Yathā ca cakkaratanaṃ, evaṃ sesānipīti. Tena vuttaṃ –</p>

<p rend="gatha1">‘‘Cittīkataṃ <pb ed="V" n="3.0190" /> mahagghañca, atulaṃ dullabhadassanaṃ;</p>

<p rend="gathalast">Anomasattaparibhogaṃ, ratanaṃ tena vuccatī’’ti.</p>

<p rend="bodytext"><hi rend="bold">Pātubhāvo hotī</hi>ti nibbatti hoti. Tatrāyaṃ yojanā – cakkavattissa pātubhāvā sattannaṃ ratanānaṃ pātubhāvoti ayuttaṃ. Uppannañhi cakkaṃ vattetvā so cakkavattī nāma hotīti nāyuttaṃ. Kasmā? Cakkavattananiyamāpekkhatāya. Yo hi niyamena cakkaṃ vattessati, so paṭisandhito pabhuti ‘‘cakkavatti pātubhūto’’ti vattabbataṃ āpajjati. Laddhanāmassa ca purisassa mūluppattivacanatopi yuttamevetaṃ. Yo hi esa cakkavattīti <pb ed="M" n="3.0191" /> laddhanāmo sattaviseso, tassa paṭisandhisaṅkhāto pātubhāvoti ayamettha attho. Tassa hi pātubhāvā ratanāni pātubhavanti. Pātubhūtehi pana tehi saddhiṃ paripakke puññasambhāre so saṃyujjati, tadā lokassa tesu pātubhāvacittaṃ uppajjati. Bahulavacanato cāpi yuttamevetaṃ. Yadā hi lokassa tesu pātubhāvasaññā uppajjati, tadā ekameva paṭhamaṃ, pacchā itarāni cha pātubhavantīti bahulavacanato cāpi etaṃ yuttaṃ. Pātubhāvassa ca atthabhedatopi yuttamevetaṃ. Na kevalañhi pātubhūtameva pātubhāvo, pātubhāvayatīti pātubhāvo. Ayaṃ pātubhāvassa atthabhedo. Yasmā yo so puññasambhāro rājānaṃ cakkavattiṃ paṭisandhivasena pātubhāvayati, tasmā rañño cakkavattissa pātubhāvā. Na kevalañhi cakkavattiyeva, imāni pana satta ratanānipi pātubhavantīti ayamettha attho. Yatheva hi so puññasambhāro rañño janakahetu, evaṃ ratanānampi pariyāyena upanissayahetūti yuttamevetaṃ ‘‘rañño, bhikkhave, cakkavattissa pātubhāvā sattannaṃ ratanānaṃ pātubhāvo hotī’’ti.</p>

<p rend="bodytext">Idāni <pb ed="P" n="3.0154" /> tesaṃ ratanānaṃ sarūpavasena dassanatthaṃ <hi rend="bold">katamesaṃ sattannaṃ cakkaratanassā</hi>tiādimāha. Tattha <hi rend="bold">cakkaratanassā</hi>tiādīsu ayaṃ saṅkhepādhippāyo – dvisahassadīpaparivārānaṃ catunnaṃ mahādīpānaṃ sirivibhavaṃ gahetvā dātuṃ samatthassa <hi rend="bold">cakkaratanassa</hi> pātubhāvo hoti, tathā purebhattameva sāgarapariyantaṃ pathaviṃ anupariyāyanasamatthassa vehāsaṅgamassa <hi rend="bold">hatthiratanassa,</hi> tādisasseva <hi rend="bold">assaratanassa,</hi> caturaṅgasamannāgatepi andhakāre yojanappamāṇaṃ andhakāraṃ vidhamitvā ālokadassanasamatthassa <hi rend="bold">maṇiratanassa,</hi> chabbidhaṃ dosaṃ vivajjetvā manāpacārino <hi rend="bold">itthiratanassa,</hi> yojanappamāṇe padese antopathavigatānaṃ nidhīnaṃ dassanasamatthassa <hi rend="bold">gahapatiratanassa,</hi> aggamahesiyā kucchimhi nibbattitvā sakalarajjānusāsanasamatthassa jeṭṭhaputtasaṅkhātassa <hi rend="bold">pariṇāyakaratanassa</hi> ca pātubhāvo hotīti <pb ed="V" n="3.0191" />. Ayamettha saṅkhepo. Vitthārato pana tesaṃ cakkaratanādīnaṃ pātubhāvavidhānaṃ mahāsudassanādīsu suttesu āgatameva. Atthopissa tesaṃ vaṇṇanāya saṃvaṇṇitoyeva.</p>

<p rend="bodytext"><hi rend="bold">Satisambojjhaṅgaratanassā</hi>tiādīsu <pb ed="M" n="3.0192" /> sarikkhakatā evaṃ veditabbā – yatheva hi cakkavattino cakkaratanaṃ sabbaratanānaṃ purecaraṃ, evaṃ <hi rend="bold">satisambojjhaṅgaratanaṃ</hi> sabbesaṃ catubhūmakadhammānaṃ purecaranti, purecaraṇaṭṭhena cakkavattirañño cakkaratanasadisaṃ hoti. Cakkavattino ca ratanesu mahākāyūpapannaṃ accuggataṃ vipulaṃ mahantaṃ hatthiratanaṃ, idampi <hi rend="bold">dhammavicayasambojjhaṅgaratanaṃ</hi> mahantaṃ dhammakāyūpapannaṃ accuggataṃ vipulaṃ mahantanti hatthiratanasadisaṃ hoti. Cakkavattino assaratanaṃ sīghaṃ lahu javaṃ, idampi <hi rend="bold">vīriyasambojjhaṅgaratanaṃ</hi> sīghaṃ lahu javanti imāya sīghalahujavatāya assaratanasadisaṃ hoti. Cakkavattino maṇiratanaṃ andhakāraṃ vidhamati, ālokaṃ dasseti, idampi <hi rend="bold">pītisambojjhaṅgaratanaṃ</hi> tāya ekantakusalattā kilesandhakāraṃ vidhamati, sahajātapaccayādivasena ñāṇālokaṃ dassetīti iminā andhakāravidhamanaālokadassanabhāvena maṇiratanasadisaṃ hoti.</p>

<p rend="bodytext">Cakkavattino itthiratanaṃ kāyacittadarathaṃ <pb ed="P" n="3.0155" /> paṭipassambheti, pariḷāhaṃ vūpasameti. Idampi <hi rend="bold">passaddhisambojjhaṅgaratanaṃ</hi> kāyacittadarathaṃ paṭipassambheti, pariḷāhaṃ vūpasametīti itthiratanasadisaṃ hoti. Cakkavattino gahapatiratanaṃ icchiticchitakkhaṇe dhanadānena vikkhepaṃ pacchinditvā cittaṃ ekaggaṃ karoti, idampi <hi rend="bold">samādhisambojjhaṅgaratanaṃ</hi> yathicchitādivasena appanaṃ sampādeti, vikkhepaṃ pacchinditvā cittaṃ ekaggaṃ karotīti gahapatiratanasadisaṃ hoti. Cakkavattino ca pariṇāyakaratanaṃ sabbatthakiccasampādanena appossukkataṃ karoti. Idampi <hi rend="bold">upekkhāsambojjhaṅgaratanaṃ</hi> cittuppādaṃ līnuddhaccato mocetvā payogamajjhatte ṭhapayamānaṃ appossukkataṃ karotīti pariṇāyakaratanasadisaṃ hoti. Iti imasmiṃ sutte catubhūmako sabbasaṅgāhikadhammaparicchedo kathitoti veditabbo.</p>

<p rend="subhead">4-10. Duppaññasuttādivaṇṇanā</p>

<p rend="bodytext" n="225-231"><hi rend="paranum">225-231</hi><hi rend="dot">.</hi> Catutthe <hi rend="bold">eḷamūgo</hi>ti mukhena vācaṃ nicchāretuṃ sakkontopi dosehi mūgo asampannavacano. Sesaṃ sabbattha uttānatthamevāti.</p>

<p rend="centre">Cakkavattivaggo.</p>

<p rend="title">6. Sākacchavaggo</p>

<p rend="subhead">1. Āhārasuttavaṇṇanā</p>

<p rend="bodytext" n="232"><hi rend="paranum">232</hi><hi rend="dot">.</hi> Chaṭṭhavaggassa <pb ed="V" n="3.0192" /><pb ed="M" n="3.0193" /> paṭhame <hi rend="bold">ayamāhāro anuppannassa vā satisambojjhaṅgassa uppādāyā</hi>tiādīsu ayaṃ purimanayato viseso. Na kevalañhi satisambojjhaṅgādīnaṃ ete vuttappakārāva uppādāya, uppannānaṃ vā bhāvanāya pāripūriyā paccayā honti, aññepi pana evaṃ veditabbā. Aparepi hi cattāro dhammā satisambojjhaṅgassa uppādāya saṃvattanti satisampajaññaṃ muṭṭhassatipuggalaparivajjanatā upaṭṭhitassatipuggalasevanatā tadadhimuttatāti. Abhikkantādīsu hi sattasu ṭhānesu satisampajaññena, bhattanikkhittakākasadise muṭṭhassatipuggale parivajjanena, tissadattattheraabhayattherādisadise upaṭṭhitassatipuggale sevanena, ṭhānanisajjādīsu satisamuṭṭhāpanatthaṃ ninnapoṇapabbhāracittatāya <pb ed="P" n="3.0156" /> ca satisambojjhaṅgo uppajjati. Evaṃ catūhi kāraṇehi uppannassa panassa arahattamaggena bhāvanāpāripūrī hoti.</p>

<p rend="bodytext">Satta dhammā <hi rend="bold">dhammavicayasambojjhaṅgassa</hi> uppādāya saṃvattanti – paripucchakatā vatthuvisadakiriyā indriyasamattapaṭipādanā duppaññapuggalaparivajjanā paññavantapuggalasevanā gambhīrañāṇacariyapaccavekkhaṇā tadadhimuttatāti. Tattha <hi rend="bold">paripucchakatā</hi>ti khandhadhātuāyatanaindriyabalabojjhaṅgamaggaṅgajhānaṅgasamathavipassanānaṃ atthasannissitaparipucchābahulatā.</p>

<p rend="bodytext"><hi rend="bold">Vatthuvisadakiriyā</hi>ti ajjhattikabāhirānaṃ vatthūnaṃ visadabhāvakaraṇaṃ. Yadā hissa kesanakhalomāni dīghāni honti, sarīraṃ vā ussannadosañceva sedamalamakkhitañca, tadā ajjhattikavatthu avisadaṃ hoti aparisuddhaṃ. Yadā pana cīvaraṃ jiṇṇaṃ kiliṭṭhaṃ duggandhaṃ hoti, senāsanaṃ vā uklāpaṃ, tadā bāhiravatthu avisadaṃ hoti aparisuddhaṃ. Tasmā kesādichedanena uddhaṃvirecanaadhovirecanādīhi sarīrasallahukabhāvakaraṇena ucchādananahāpanena ca ajjhattikavatthu visadaṃ kātabbaṃ. Sūcikammadhovanarajanaparibhaṇḍakaraṇādīhi bāhiravatthu visadaṃ kātabbaṃ. Etasmiñhi ajjhattikabāhire vatthumhi avisade uppannesu cittacetasikesu ñāṇampi avisadaṃ aparisuddhaṃ hoti aparisuddhāni dīpakapallakavaṭṭitelāni nissāya uppannadīpasikhāya obhāso <pb ed="V" n="3.0193" /><pb ed="M" n="3.0194" /> viya. Visade pana ajjhattikabāhire vatthumhi uppannesu cittacetasikesu ñāṇampi visadaṃ hoti parisuddhāni dīpakapallakavaṭṭitelāni nissāya uppannadīpasikhāya obhāso viya. Tena vuttaṃ – ‘‘vatthuvisadakiriyā dhammavicayasambojjhaṅgassa uppādāya saṃvattatī’’ti.</p>

<p rend="bodytext"><hi rend="bold">Indriyasamattapaṭipādanā</hi> nāma saddhādīnaṃ indriyānaṃ samabhāvakaraṇaṃ. Sace hissa saddhindriyaṃ balavaṃ hoti, itarāni mandāni, tato vīriyindriyaṃ paggahakiccaṃ, satindriyaṃ upaṭṭhānakiccaṃ, samādhindriyaṃ avikkhepakiccaṃ, paññindriyaṃ dassanakiccaṃ kātuṃ na sakkoti <pb ed="P" n="3.0157" />. Tasmā taṃ dhammasabhāvapaccavekkhaṇena vā, yathā vā manasikaroto balavaṃ jātaṃ, tathā amanasikaraṇena hāpetabbaṃ. <hi rend="bold">Vakkalittheravatthu</hi> cettha nidassanaṃ. Sace pana vīriyindriyaṃ balavaṃ hoti, atha neva saddhindriyaṃ adhimokkhakiccaṃ kātuṃ sakkoti, na itarāni itarakiccabhedaṃ. Tasmā taṃ passaddhādibhāvanāya hāpetabbaṃ. Tatthāpi <hi rend="bold">soṇattherassa vatthu</hi> dassetabbaṃ. Evaṃ sesesupi ekassa balavabhāve sati itaresaṃ attano kiccesu asamatthatā veditabbā.</p>

<p rend="bodytext">Visesato panettha saddhāpaññānaṃ samādhivīriyānañca samataṃ pasaṃsanti. Balavasaddho hi mandapañño mudhappasanno hoti, avatthusmiṃ pasīdati. Balavapañño pana mandasaddho kerāṭikapakkhaṃ bhajati, bhesajjasamuṭṭhito viya rogo atekiccho hoti. Cittuppādamatteneva kusalaṃ hotīti atidhāvitvā dānādīni akaronto niraye uppajjati. Ubhinnaṃ samatāya vatthusmiṃyeva pasīdati. Balavasamādhiṃ pana mandavīriyaṃ samādhissa kosajjapakkhattā kosajjaṃ abhibhavati. Balavavīriyaṃ mandasamādhiṃ vīriyassa uddhaccapakkhattā uddhaccaṃ abhibhavati. Samādhi pana vīriyena saṃyojito kosajje patituṃ na labhati, vīriyaṃ samādhinā saṃyojitaṃ uddhacce patituṃ na labhati. Tasmā tadubhayaṃ samaṃ kātabbaṃ. Ubhayasamatāya hi appanā hoti.</p>

<p rend="bodytext">Api ca samādhikammikassa balavatīpi saddhā vaṭṭati. Evaṃ saddahanto okappento appanaṃ pāpuṇissati. Samādhipaññāsu pana samādhikammikassa ekaggatā balavatī vaṭṭati. Evañhi so appanaṃ pāpuṇāti. Vipassanākammikassa paññā balavatī vaṭṭati. Evañhi so lakkhaṇapaṭivedhaṃ pāpuṇāti. Ubhinnaṃ <pb ed="M" n="3.0195" /> pana samatāyapi appanā hotiyeva. Sati pana sabbattha balavatī vaṭṭati. Sati hi cittaṃ uddhaccapakkhikānaṃ saddhāvīriyapaññānaṃ vasena uddhaccapātato <pb ed="V" n="3.0194" />, kosajjapakkhikena ca samādhinā kosajjapātato rakkhati. Tasmā sā loṇadhūpanaṃ viya sabbabyañjanesu, sabbakammikaamacco viya ca sabbarājakiccesu sabbattha icchitabbā. Tenāha ‘‘sati ca pana sabbatthikā vuttā bhagavatā. Kiṃ kāraṇā? Cittañhi satipaṭisaraṇaṃ, ārakkhapaccupaṭṭhānā ca sati, na vinā satiyā cittassa paggahaniggaho hotī’’ti.</p>

<p rend="bodytext"><hi rend="bold">Duppaññapuggalaparivajjanā</hi><pb ed="P" n="3.0158" /> nāma khandhādibhede anogāḷhapaññānaṃ dummedhapuggalānaṃ ārakā parivajjanaṃ. <hi rend="bold">Paññavantapuggalasevanā</hi> nāma samapaññāsalakkhaṇapariggāhikāya udayabbayapaññāya samannāgatapuggalasevanā. <hi rend="bold">Gambhīrañāṇacariyapaccavekkhaṇā</hi> nāma gambhīresu khandhādīsu pavattāya gambhīrapaññāya pabhedapaccavekkhaṇā. <hi rend="bold">Tadadhimuttatā</hi> nāma ṭhānanisajjādīsu dhammavicayasambojjhaṅgasamuṭṭhāpanatthaṃ ninnapoṇapabbhāracittatā. Evaṃ uppannassa panassa arahattamaggena bhāvanāpāripūrī hoti.</p>

<p rend="bodytext">Ekādasa dhammā <hi rend="bold">vīriyasambojjhaṅgassa</hi> uppādāya saṃvattanti – apāyabhayapaccavekkhaṇatā, ānisaṃsadassāvitā, gamanavīthipaccavekkhaṇatā, piṇḍapātāpacāyanatā, dāyajjamahattapaccavekkhaṇatā, satthumahattapaccavekkhaṇatā, jātimahattapaccavekkhaṇatā, sabrahmacārimahattapaccavekkhaṇatā, kusītapuggalaparivajjanatā, āraddhavīriyapuggalasevanatā, tadadhimuttatāti.</p>

<p rend="bodytext">Tattha ‘‘nirayesu pañcavidhabandhanakammakāraṇato paṭṭhāya mahādukkhaṃ anubhavanakālepi, tiracchānayoniyaṃ jālakhipanakumīnādīhi gahitakālepi, pājanakaṇṭakādippahāratunnassa pana sakaṭavahanādikālepi, pettivisaye anekānipi vassasahassāni ekaṃ buddhantarampi khuppipāsāhi āturībhūtakālepi, kālakañcikaasuresu saṭṭhihatthaasītihatthappamāṇena aṭṭhicammamatteneva attabhāvena vātātapādidukkhānubhavanakālepi na sakkā vīriyasambojjhaṅgaṃ uppādetuṃ. Ayameva te bhikkhu kālo’’ti evaṃ <hi rend="bold">apāyabhayaṃ paccavekkhantassāpi</hi> vīriyasambojjhaṅgo uppajjati.</p>

<p rend="bodytext">‘‘Na sakkā kusītena navalokuttaradhammaṃ laddhuṃ, āraddhavīriyeneva <pb ed="P" n="3.0159" /> sakkā ayamānisaṃso vīriyassā’’ti evaṃ <hi rend="bold">ānisaṃsadassāvinopi</hi> uppajjati. ‘‘Sabbabuddha-paccekabuddha-mahāsāvakeheva <pb ed="M" n="3.0196" /> gatamaggo <pb ed="V" n="3.0195" /> te gantabbo. So ca na sakkā kusītena gantu’’nti evaṃ <hi rend="bold">gamanavīthiṃ paccavekkhantassāpi</hi> uppajjati.</p>

<p rend="bodytext">‘‘Ye taṃ piṇḍapātādīhi upaṭṭhahanti, ime te manussā neva ñātakā, na dāsakammakarā, nāpi ‘taṃ nissāya jīvissāmā’ti te paṇītāni piṇḍapātādīni denti. Atha kho attano kārānaṃ mahapphalataṃ paccāsīsamānā denti. Satthārāpi ‘‘ayaṃ ime paccaye paribhuñjitvā kāyadaḷhibahulo sukhaṃ viharissatī’’ti na evaṃ sampassatā tuyhaṃ paccayā anuññātā, atha kho ‘‘ayaṃ ime paribhuñjamānova samaṇadhammaṃ katvā vaṭṭadukkhato muccissatī’ti te paccayā anuññātā, so dāni tvaṃ kusīto viharanto na taṃ piṇḍaṃ apacāyissasi, āraddhavīriyasseva hi piṇḍapātāpacāyanaṃ nāma hotī’’ti evaṃ <hi rend="bold">piṇḍapātāpacāyanaṃ paccavekkhantassāpi</hi> uppajjati <hi rend="bold">mahāmittattherassa</hi> viya.</p>

<p rend="bodytext">Thero kira kassakaleṇe nāma paṭivasati. Tasseva gocaragāme ekā mahāupāsikā theraṃ puttaṃ katvā paṭijaggati. Sā ekadivasaṃ araññaṃ gacchantī dhītaraṃ āha – ‘‘amma, asukasmiṃ ṭhāne purāṇataṇḍulā, asukasmiṃ khīraṃ, asukasmiṃ sappi, asukasmiṃ phāṇitaṃ, tava bhātikassa ayyamittassa āgatakāle bhattaṃ pacitvā khīrasappiphāṇitehi saddhiṃ dehi, tvañca bhuñjeyyāsi, ahaṃ pana hiyyo pakkaṃ pārivāsikabhattaṃ kañjiyena bhuttāmhī’’ti. ‘‘Divā kiṃ bhuñjissasi, ammā’’ti? ‘‘Sākapaṇṇaṃ pakkhipitvā kaṇataṇḍulehi ambilayāguṃ pacitvā ṭhapehi, ammā’’ti.</p>

<p rend="bodytext">Thero cīvaraṃ pārupitvā pattaṃ nīharantova taṃ saddaṃ sutvā attānaṃ ovadi ‘‘mahāupāsikā kira kañjiyena pārivāsikabhattaṃ bhuñjitvā divāpi kaṇapaṇṇambilayāguṃ bhuñjissati, tuyhaṃ atthāya pana purāṇataṇḍulādīni ācikkhati, taṃ nissāya kho panesā neva khettaṃ na vatthuṃ na bhattaṃ na vatthaṃ paccāsīsati, tisso pana sampattiyo patthayamānā deti, tvaṃ etissā tā sampattiyo dātuṃ sakkhissasi <pb ed="P" n="3.0160" />, na sakkhissasīti, ayaṃ kho pana piṇḍapāto tayā sarāgena sadosena samohena na sakkā gaṇhitu’’nti pattaṃ thavikāya pakkhipitvā gaṇṭhikaṃ muñcitvā nivattitvā kassakaleṇameva gantvā pattaṃ heṭṭhāmañce, cīvaraṃ cīvaravaṃse ṭhapetvā ‘‘arahattaṃ <pb ed="M" n="3.0197" /> apāpuṇitvā na nikkhamissāmī’’ti vīriyaṃ adhiṭṭhahitvā nisīdi <pb ed="V" n="3.0196" />. Dīgharattaṃ appamatto hutvā nivutthabhikkhu vipassanaṃ vaḍḍhetvā purebhattameva arahattaṃ patvā vikasamānamiva padumaṃ mahākhīṇāsavo sitaṃ karontova nikkhami. Leṇadvāre rukkhamhi adhivatthā devatā –</p>

<p rend="gatha1">‘‘Namo te purisājañña, namo te purisuttama;</p>

<p rend="gathalast">Yassa te āsavā khīṇā, dakkhiṇeyyosi mārisā’’ti. –</p>

<p rend="unindented">Udānaṃ udānetvā ‘‘bhante, piṇḍāya paviṭṭhānaṃ tumhādisānaṃ arahantānaṃ bhikkhaṃ datvā mahallakitthiyo dukkhā muccissantī’’ti āha. Thero uṭṭhahitvā dvāraṃ vivaritvā kālaṃ olokento ‘‘pātoyevā’’ti ñatvā pattacīvaraṃ ādāya gāmaṃ pāvisi.</p>

<p rend="bodytext">Dārikāpi bhattaṃ sampādetvā ‘‘idāni me bhātā āgamissati, idāni āgamissatī’’ti dvāraṃ olokayamānā nisīdi. Sā there gharadvāraṃ sampatte pattaṃ gahetvā sappiphāṇitayojitassa khīrapiṇḍapātassa pūretvā hatthe ṭhapesi. Thero ‘‘sukhaṃ hotū’’ti anumodanaṃ katvā pakkāmi. Sāpi taṃ olokayamānāva aṭṭhāsi. Therassa hi tadā ativiya parisuddho chavivaṇṇo ahosi, vippasannāni indriyāni, mukhaṃ bandhanā muttatālapakkaṃ viya ativiya virocittha.</p>

<p rend="bodytext">Mahāupāsikā araññato āgantvā ‘‘kiṃ, amma, bhātiko te āgato’’ti pucchi. Sā sabbaṃ taṃ pavattiṃ ārocesi. Upāsikā ‘‘ajja me puttassa pabbajitakiccaṃ matthakaṃ patta’’nti ñatvā ‘‘abhiramati te, amma, bhātā buddhasāsane, na ukkaṇṭhatī’’ti āha.</p>

<p rend="bodytext">‘‘Mahantaṃ kho panetaṃ satthudāyajjaṃ, yadidaṃ satta ariyadhanāni nāma, taṃ na sakkā kusītena gahetuṃ. Yathā hi vippaṭipannaṃ puttaṃ mātāpitaro ‘ayaṃ amhākaṃ aputto’ti paribāhiraṃ karonti, so tesaṃ accayena dāyajjaṃ na labhati, evaṃ kusītopi idaṃ ariyadhanadāyajjaṃ na labhati <pb ed="P" n="3.0161" />, āraddhavīriyova labhatī’’ti <hi rend="bold">dāyajjamahattaṃ paccavekkhatopi</hi> uppajjati.</p>

<p rend="bodytext">‘‘Mahā <pb ed="M" n="3.0198" /> kho pana te satthā, satthuno hi te mātukucchismiṃ paṭisandhiggahaṇakālepi abhinikkhamanepi <pb ed="V" n="3.0197" /> abhisambodhiyampi dhammacakkappavattana-yamakapāṭihāriya-devorohana-āyusaṅkhāravossajjanesupi parinibbānakālepi dasasahassilokadhātu akampittha. Yuttaṃ nu kho te evarūpassa satthu sāsane pabbajitvā kusītena bhavitu’’nti evaṃ <hi rend="bold">satthumahattaṃ paccavekkhatopi</hi> uppajjati.</p>

<p rend="bodytext">‘‘Jātiyāpi tvaṃ idāni na lāmakajātiko, asambhinnāya mahāsammatapaveṇiyā āgataukkākarājavaṃse jātosi, suddhodanamahārājassa ca mahāmāyādeviyā ca nattā, rāhulabhaddassa kaniṭṭho, tayā nāma evarūpena jinaputtena hutvā na yuttaṃ kusītena viharitu’’nti evaṃ <hi rend="bold">jātimahattaṃ paccavekkhatopi</hi> uppajjati.</p>

<p rend="bodytext">‘‘Sāriputtamoggallānā ceva asīti mahāsāvakā ca vīriyeneva lokuttaradhammaṃ paṭivijjhiṃsu. Tvaṃ pana etesaṃ sabrahmacārīnaṃ maggaṃ paṭipajjasi, na paṭipajjasī’’ti evaṃ <hi rend="bold">sabrahmacārimahattaṃ paccavekkhatopi</hi> uppajjati.</p>

<p rend="bodytext">Kucchiṃ pūretvā ṭhitaajagarasadise vissaṭṭhakāyikacetasikavīriye kusītapuggale parivajjentassāpi, āraddhavīriye pahitatte puggale sevantassāpi ṭhānanisajjādīsu vīriyuppādanatthaṃ ninnapoṇapabbhāracittassāpi uppajjati. Evaṃ uppannassa panassa arahattamaggena bhāvanāpāripūrī hoti.</p>

<p rend="bodytext">Ekādasa dhammā <hi rend="bold">pītisambojjhaṅgassa</hi> uppādāya saṃvattanti – buddhānussati dhammo, saṅgho, sīlaṃ, cāgo, devatānussati, upasamānussati, lūkhapuggalaparivajjanatā, siniddhapuggalasevanatā, pasādanīyasuttantapaccavekkhaṇatā, tadadhimuttatāti.</p>

<p rend="bodytext">Buddhaguṇe anussarantassāpi hi yāva upacārā sakalasarīraṃ pharamāno pītisambojjhaṅgo uppajjati, dhammasaṅghaguṇe anussarantassāpi, dīgharattaṃ akhaṇḍaṃ katvā rakkhitaṃ catupārisuddhisīlaṃ paccavekkhantassāpi, gihino dasasīlapañcasīlāni <pb ed="P" n="3.0162" /> paccavekkhantassāpi, dubbhikkhabhayādīsu paṇītaṃ bhojanaṃ sabrahmacārīnaṃ datvā ‘‘evaṃ nāma adamhā’’ti cāgaṃ paccavekkhantassāpi, gihinopi evarūpe kāle sīlavantānaṃ dinnadānaṃ paccavekkhantassāpi, yehi <pb ed="V" n="3.0198" /> guṇehi samannāgatā devattaṃ pattā, tathārūpānaṃ attani atthitaṃ paccavekkhantassāpi, samāpattiyā vikkhambhitā kilesā saṭṭhipi sattatipi vassāni <pb ed="M" n="3.0199" /> na samudācarantīti paccavekkhantassāpi, cetiyadassanabodhidassanatheradassanesu asakkaccakiriyāya saṃsūcitalūkhabhāve buddhādīsu pasādasinehābhāvena gadrabhapiṭṭharajasadise lūkhapuggale parivajjentassāpi, buddhādīsu pasādabahule muducitte siniddhapuggale sevantassāpi, ratanattayaguṇaparidīpake pasādanīye suttante paccavekkhantassāpi, ṭhānanisajjādīsu pītiuppādanatthaṃ ninnapoṇapabbhāracittassāpi uppajjati. Evaṃ uppannassa panassa arahattamaggena bhāvanāpāripūrī hoti.</p>

<p rend="bodytext">Satta dhammā <hi rend="bold">passaddhisambojjhaṅgassa</hi> uppādāya saṃvattanti – paṇītabhojanasevanatā, utusukhasevanatā, iriyāpathasukhasevanatā, majjhattapayogatā, sāraddhakāyapuggalaparivajjanatā, passaddhakāya-puggalasevanatā, tadadhimuttatāti.</p>

<p rend="bodytext">Paṇītañhi siniddhaṃ bhojanaṃ bhuñjantassāpi, sītuṇhesu utūsu ṭhānādīsu ca iriyāpathesu sappāyaṃ utuñca iriyāpathañca sevantassāpi passaddhi uppajjati. Yo pana mahāpurisajātiko sabbautuiriyāpathakkhamova hoti, na taṃ sandhāyetaṃ vuttaṃ. Yassa sabhāgavisabhāgatā atthi, tasseva visabhāge utuiriyāpathe vajjetvā sabhāge sevantassa uppajjati. Majjhattapayogo vuccati attano ca parassa ca kammassakatapaccavekkhaṇā. Iminā majjhattapayogena uppajjati. Yo leḍḍudaṇḍādīhi paraṃ viheṭhayamānova vicarati, evarūpaṃ sāraddhakāyapuggalaṃ parivajjentassāpi, saṃyatapādapāṇiṃ passaddhakāyaṃ puggalaṃ sevantassāpi, ṭhānanisajjādīsu passaddhiuppādanatthāya ninnapoṇapabbhāracittassāpi uppajjati. Evaṃ uppannassa panassa arahattamaggena bhāvanāpāripūrī hoti.</p>

<p rend="bodytext">Dasa dhammā <pb ed="P" n="3.0163" /><hi rend="bold">samādhisambojjhaṅgassa</hi> uppādāya saṃvattanti – vatthuvisadakiriyatā, indriyasamattapaṭipādanatā, nimittakusalatā, samaye cittassa paggaṇhanatā, samaye cittassa niggaṇhanatā, samaye sampahaṃsanatā, samaye ajjhupekkhanatā, asamāhitapuggalaparivajjanatā, samāhitapuggalasevanatā, tadadhimuttatāti. Tattha <hi rend="bold">vatthuvisadakiriyatā</hi> ca <hi rend="bold">indriyasamattapaṭipādanatā</hi> ca vuttanayeneva veditabbā.</p>

<p rend="bodytext"><hi rend="bold">Nimittakusalatā</hi><pb ed="V" n="3.0199" /><pb ed="M" n="3.0200" /> nāma kasiṇanimittassa uggahaṇakusalatā. <hi rend="bold">Samaye cittassa paggaṇhanatā</hi>ti yasmiṃ samaye atisithilavīriyatādīhi līnaṃ cittaṃ hoti, tasmiṃ samaye dhammavicayavīriyapītisambojjhaṅgasamuṭṭhāpanena tassa paggaṇhanaṃ. <hi rend="bold">Samaye cittassa niggaṇhanatā</hi>ti yasmiṃ samaye accāraddhavīriyatādīhi uddhataṃ cittaṃ hoti, tasmiṃ samaye passaddhisamādhiupekkhāsambojjhaṅgasamuṭṭhāpanena tassa niggaṇhanaṃ. <hi rend="bold">Samaye sampahaṃsanatā</hi>ti yasmiṃ samaye cittaṃ paññāpayogamandatāya vā upasamasukhānaṃ vigamena vā nirassādaṃ hoti, tasmiṃ samaye aṭṭhasaṃvegavatthupaccavekkhaṇena saṃvejeti. <hi rend="bold">Aṭṭha saṃvegavatthūni</hi> nāma jātijarābyādhimaraṇāni cattāri, apāyadukkhaṃ pañcamaṃ, atīte vaṭṭamūlakaṃ dukkhaṃ, anāgate vaṭṭamūlakaṃ dukkhaṃ, paccuppanne āhārapariyeṭṭhimūlakaṃ dukkhanti. Ratanattayaguṇānussaraṇena ca pasādaṃ janeti, ayaṃ vuccati ‘‘samaye sampahaṃsanatā’’ti.</p>

<p rend="bodytext"><hi rend="bold">Samaye ajjhupekkhanatā</hi> nāma yasmiṃ samaye sammāpaṭipattiṃ āgamma alīnaṃ anuddhataṃ anirassādaṃ ārammaṇe samappavattaṃ samathavīthipaṭipannaṃ cittaṃ hoti, tadāssa paggahaniggahasampahaṃsanesu na byāpāraṃ āpajjati sārathi <pb ed="P" n="3.0164" /> viya samappavattesu assesu. Ayaṃ vuccati ‘‘samaye ajjhupekkhanatā’’ti. <hi rend="bold">Asamāhitapuggalaparivajjanatā</hi> nāma upacāraṃ vā appanaṃ vā appattānaṃ vikkhittacittānaṃ puggalānaṃ ārakā parivajjanaṃ. <hi rend="bold">Samāhitapuggalasevanatā</hi> nāma upacārena vā appanāya vā samāhitacittānaṃ sevanā bhajanā payirupāsanā. <hi rend="bold">Tadadhimuttatā</hi> nāma ṭhānanisajjādīsu samādhiuppādanatthameva ninnapoṇapabbhāracittatā. Evañhi paṭipajjato esa uppajjati. Evaṃ uppannassa panassa arahattamaggena bhāvanāpāripūrī hoti.</p>

<p rend="bodytext">Pañca dhammā <hi rend="bold">upekkhāsambojjhaṅgassa</hi> uppādāya saṃvattanti – sattamajjhattatā, saṅkhāramajjhattatā, sattasaṅkhārakelāyanapuggalaparivajjanatā, sattasaṅkhāramajjhattapuggalasevanatā, tadadhimuttatāti. Tattha dvīhākārehi <hi rend="bold">sattamajjhattataṃ</hi> samuṭṭhāpeti – ‘‘tvaṃ attanova kammena āgantvā attanova kammena gamissasi, esopi attano kammena āgantvā attanova kammena gamissati, tvaṃ kaṃ kelāyasī’’ti evaṃ kammassakatapaccavekkhaṇena ca – ‘‘paramatthato sattoyeva natthi, so tvaṃ kaṃ kelāyasī’’ti evaṃ nissattapaccavekkhaṇena ca. Dvīhevākārehi <hi rend="bold">saṅkhāramajjhattataṃ</hi> samuṭṭhāpeti – ‘‘idaṃ <pb ed="M" n="3.0201" /> cīvaraṃ anupubbena vaṇṇavikāratañceva jiṇṇabhāvañca upagantvā pādapuñchanacoḷakaṃ hutvā yaṭṭhikoṭiyā chaḍḍanīyaṃ bhavissati, sace panassa sāmiko bhaveyya <pb ed="V" n="3.0200" />, nāyaṃ evaṃ vinassituṃ dadeyyā’’ti evaṃ assāmikabhāvapaccavekkhaṇena ca, ‘‘anaddhaniyaṃ idaṃ tāvakālika’’nti evaṃ tāvakālikabhāvapaccavekkhaṇena ca. Yathā ca cīvare, evaṃ pattādīsupi yojanā kātabbā.</p>

<p rend="bodytext"><hi rend="bold">Sattasaṅkhārakelāyanapuggalaparivajjanatā</hi>ti ettha yo puggalo gihi vā attano puttadhītādike, pabbajito vā attano antevāsikasamānupajjhāyakādike mamāyati, sahatthāva nesaṃ kesacchedana-sūcikamma-cīvaradhovana-rajana-pattapacanādīni karoti, muhuttampi apassanto ‘‘asuko sāmaṇero kuhiṃ, asuko daharo kuhi’’nti bhantamigo viya ito <pb ed="P" n="3.0165" /> cito ca āloketi, aññena kesacchedanādīnaṃ atthāya ‘‘muhuttaṃ tāva asukaṃ pesethā’’ti yāciyamānopi ‘‘amhepi taṃ attano kammaṃ na kārema, tumhe naṃ gahetvā kilamessathā’’ti na deti, ayaṃ <hi rend="bold">sattakelāyano</hi> nāma. Yo pana cīvarapattathālakakattarayaṭṭhiādīni mamāyati, aññassa hatthena parāmasitumpi na deti, tāvakālikaṃ yācitopi ‘‘mayampi imaṃ dhanāyantā na paribhuñjāma, tumhākaṃ kiṃ dassāmā’’ti vadati, ayaṃ <hi rend="bold">saṅkhārakelāyano</hi> nāma. Yo pana tesu dvīsupi vatthūsu majjhatto udāsino, ayaṃ <hi rend="bold">sattasaṅkhāramajjhatto</hi> nāma. Iti ayaṃ upekkhāsambojjhaṅgo evarūpaṃ sattasaṅkhārakelāyanapuggalaṃ ārakā parivajjentassāpi, sattasaṅkhāramajjhattapuggalaṃ sevantassāpi, ṭhānanisajjādīsu taduppādanatthaṃ ninnapoṇapabbhāracittassāpi uppajjati. Evaṃ uppannassa panassa arahattamaggena bhāvanāpāripūrī hoti.</p>

<p rend="bodytext"><hi rend="bold">Asubhanimitta</hi>nti uddhumātakādibhedā dasa asubhārammaṇā dhammā. <hi rend="bold">Yonisomanasikārabahulīkāro</hi>ti ettha pana yonisomanasikāro nāma upāyamanasikāro, pathamanasikāro, uppādakamanasikāro. Apica cha dhammā kāmacchandassa pahānāya saṃvattanti – asubhanimittassa uggaho, asubhabhāvanānuyogo, indriyesu guttadvāratā, bhojane mattaññutā, kalyāṇamittatā, sappāyakathāti.</p>

<p rend="bodytext">Dasavidhañhi asubhanimittaṃ uggaṇhantassāpi kāmacchando pahīyati, bhāventassāpi, indriyesu guttadvārassāpi, catunnaṃ pañcannaṃ ālopānaṃ okāse <pb ed="M" n="3.0202" /> sati udakaṃ pivitvā yāpanasīlatāya bhojane mattaññunopi. Tenetaṃ vuttaṃ –</p>

<p rend="gatha1">‘‘Cattāro <pb ed="V" n="3.0201" /> pañca ālope, abhutvā udakaṃ pive;</p>

<p rend="gathalast">Alaṃ phāsuvihārāya, pahitattassa bhikkhuno’’ti. (theragā. 983);</p>

<p rend="bodytext">Asubhakammikatissattherasadise asubhabhāvanārate kalyāṇamitte sevantassāpi kāmacchando pahīyati, ṭhānanisajjādīsu dasaasubhanimittāya-sappāyakathāyapi pahīyati. Tena vuttaṃ ‘‘cha dhammā kāmacchandassa pahānāya saṃvattantī’’ti <pb ed="P" n="3.0166" />. Imehi pana chahi dhammehi pahīnassa kāmacchandassa arahattamaggena āyatiṃ anuppādo hoti.</p>

<p rend="bodytext"><hi rend="bold">Mettā cetovimuttī</hi>ti ettha mettāti vutte appanāpi upacāropi vaṭṭati, cetovimuttīti appanāyeva. Yonisomanasikāro vuttalakkhaṇova. Apica cha dhammā <hi rend="bold">byāpādassa</hi> pahānāya saṃvattanti – mettānimittassa uggaho, mettābhāvanānuyogo, kammassakatāpaccavekkhaṇatā, paṭisaṅkhānabahulatā, kalyāṇamittatā, sappāyakathāti.</p>

<p rend="bodytext">Odissakaanodissakadisāpharaṇānañhi aññataravasena mettaṃ uggaṇhantassāpi byāpādo pahīyati, tathā odhisoanodhisodisāpharaṇavasena mettaṃ bhāventassāpi. ‘‘Tvaṃ etassa kuddho kiṃ karissasi? Kimassa sīlādīni nāsetuṃ sakkhissasi? Nanu tvaṃ attano kammena āgantvā attano kammeneva gamissasi? Parassa kujjhanaṃ nāma vītaccikaṅgāratattaayasalākagūthādīni gahetvā paraṃ paharitukāmatāsadisaṃ hoti. Esopi tava kuddho kiṃ karissati? Kiṃ te sīlādīni vināsetuṃ sakkhissati? Esa attano kammena āgantvā attano kammeneva gamissati? Appaṭicchitapaheṇakaṃ viya paṭivātaṃ khittarajomuṭṭhi viya ca etassevesa kodho matthake patissatī’’ti evaṃ attano ca parassa ca kammassakataṃ paccavekkhatopi, ubhayakammassakataṃ paccavekkhitvā paṭisaṅkhāne ṭhitassāpi, assaguttattherasadise mettābhāvanārate kalyāṇamitte sevantassāpi byāpādo pahīyati, ṭhānanisajjādīsu mettānissitasappāyakathāyapi pahīyati. Tena vuttaṃ ‘‘cha dhammā byāpādassa pahānāya saṃvattantī’’ti <pb ed="M" n="3.0203" />. Imehi pana chahi dhammehi pahīnassa byāpādassa anāgāmimaggena āyatiṃ anuppādo hoti.</p>

<p rend="bodytext"><hi rend="bold">Atthi bhikkhave aratī</hi>tiādi vuttatthameva. Api ca cha dhammā <hi rend="bold">thinamiddhassa</hi> pahānāya saṃvattanti <pb ed="V" n="3.0202" /> – atibhojane nimittaggāho, iriyāpathasamparivattanatā, ālokasaññāmanasikāro, abbhokāsavāso, kalyāṇamittatā, sappāyakathāti.</p>

<p rend="bodytext">Āharahatthakaṃ, bhuttavamitakaṃ, tatravaṭṭakaṃ, alaṃsāṭakaṃ, kākamāsakabhojanaṃ bhuñjitvā rattiṭṭhānadivāṭṭhāne nisinnassa <pb ed="P" n="3.0167" /> hi samaṇadhammaṃ karoto thinamiddhaṃ mahāhatthī viya ottharantaṃ āgacchati, catupañcaālopaokāsaṃ pana ṭhapetvā pānīyaṃ pivitvā yāpanasīlassa bhikkhuno taṃ na hotīti evaṃ atibhojane nimittaṃ gaṇhantassapi thinamiddhaṃ pahīyati. Yasmiṃ iriyāpathe thinamiddhaṃ okkamati, tato aññaṃ parivattentassāpi, rattiṃ candālokadīpālokaukkāloke divā sūriyālokaṃ manasikarontassāpi, abbhokāse vasantassāpi, mahākassapattherasadise pahīnathinamiddhe kalyāṇamitte sevantassāpi thinamiddhaṃ pahīyati, ṭhānanisajjādīsu dhutaṅganissitasappāyakathāyapi pahīyati. Tena vuttaṃ ‘‘cha dhammā thinamiddhassa pahānāya saṃvattantī’’ti. Imehi pana chahi dhammehi pahīnassa thinamiddhassa arahattamaggena āyatiṃ anuppādo hoti.</p>

<p rend="bodytext"><hi rend="bold">Atthi bhikkhave cetaso vūpasamo</hi>tiādīni vuttatthāneva. Apica cha dhammā <hi rend="bold">uddhaccakukkuccassa</hi> pahānāya saṃvattanti – bahussutatā, paripucchakatā, vinaye pakataññutā, vuddhasevitatā, kalyāṇamittatā, sappāyakathāti.</p>

<p rend="bodytext">Bāhusaccenapi hi ekaṃ vā dve vā tayo vā cattāro vā pañca vā nikāye pāḷivasena ca atthavasena ca uggaṇhantassāpi uddhaccakukkuccaṃ pahīyati, kappiyākappiyaparipucchābahulassāpi, vinayapaññattiyaṃ ciṇṇavasībhāvatāya pakataññunopi, vuddhe mahallakatthere upasaṅkamantassāpi, upālittherasadise vinayadhare kalyāṇamitte sevantassāpi, uddhaccakukkuccaṃ pahīyati, ṭhānanisajjādīsu kappiyākappiyanissitasappāyakathāyapi pahīyati. Tena vuttaṃ ‘‘cha dhammā uddhaccakukkuccassa pahānāya saṃvattantī’’ti. Imehi <pb ed="M" n="3.0204" /> pana chahi dhammehi pahīne uddhaccakukkucce uddhaccassa arahattamaggena, kukkuccassa anāgāmimaggena āyatiṃ anuppādo hotīti.</p>

<p rend="bodytext"><hi rend="bold">Kusalākusalā dhammā</hi>tiādīnipi vuttatthāneva. Apica cha dhammā <hi rend="bold">vicikicchāya</hi> pahānāya saṃvattanti <pb ed="V" n="3.0203" /> – bahussutatā, paripucchakatā, vinaye pakataññutā, adhimokkhabahulatā, kalyāṇamittatā, sappāyakathāti.</p>

<p rend="bodytext">Bāhusaccenapi hi ekaṃ vā…pe… pañca vā nikāye pāḷivasena ca atthavasena ca uggaṇhantassāpi vicikicchā pahīyati, tīṇi ratanāni ārabbha paripucchābahulassāpi <pb ed="P" n="3.0168" />, vinaye ciṇṇavasībhāvassāpi, tīsu ratanesu okappaniyasaddhāsaṅkhātaadhimokkhabahulassāpi, saddhādhimutte vakkalittherasadise kalyāṇamitte sevantassāpi vicikicchā pahīyati, ṭhānanisajjādīsu tiṇṇaṃ ratanānaṃ guṇanissitasappāyakathāyapi pahīyati. Tena vuttaṃ ‘‘cha dhammā vicikicchāya pahānāya saṃvattantī’’ti. Imehi pana chahi dhammehi pahīnāya vicikicchāya sotāpattimaggena āyatiṃ anuppādo hoti. Iti bhagavā imasmiṃ sutte desanaṃ tīhi bhavehi nivattetvā arahattena kūṭaṃ gaṇhi. Desanāpariyosāne pañcasatā bhikkhū arahattaṃ pāpuṇiṃsu.</p>

<p rend="subhead">2. Pariyāyasuttavaṇṇanā</p>

<p rend="bodytext" n="233"><hi rend="paranum">233</hi><hi rend="dot">.</hi> Dutiye <hi rend="bold">sambahulā</hi>ti vinayapariyāyena tayo janā sambahulāti vuccanti, tato paraṃ saṅgho. Suttantapariyāyena tayo tayo eva, tato uddhaṃ sambahulā. Idha suttantapariyāyena sambahulāti veditabbā. <hi rend="bold">Piṇḍāya pavisiṃsū</hi>ti piṇḍāya paviṭṭhā. Te pana na tāva paviṭṭhā, ‘‘pavisissāmā’’ti nikkhantattā pana pavisiṃsūti vuttā. Yathā kiṃ? Yathā ‘‘gāmaṃ gamissāmī’’ti nikkhantapuriso taṃ gāmaṃ apattopi ‘‘kahaṃ itthannāmo’’ti vutte ‘‘gāmaṃ gato’’ti vuccati, evaṃ. <hi rend="bold">Paribbājakānaṃ ārāmo</hi>ti jetavanassa avidūre aññatitthiyānaṃ paribbājakānaṃ ārāmo atthi, taṃ sandhāyetaṃ vuttaṃ. <hi rend="bold">Samaṇo āvuso</hi>ti āvuso tumhākaṃ satthā samaṇo gotamo.</p>

<p rend="bodytext"><hi rend="bold">Mayampi kho āvuso sāvakānaṃ evaṃ dhammaṃ desemā</hi>ti titthiyānaṃ samaye ‘‘pañca nīvaraṇā pahātabbā, satta bojjhaṅgā bhāvetabbā’’ti etaṃ natthi <pb ed="M" n="3.0205" />. Te pana ārāmaṃ gantvā parisapariyante ṭhatvā aññaṃ olokento viya aññavihitakā viya hutvā bhagavato dhammadesanaṃ suṇanti. Tato ‘‘samaṇo gotamo ‘idaṃ pajahatha idaṃ bhāvethā’ti vadatī’’ti sallakkhetvā attano ārāmaṃ gantvā ārāmamajjhe āsanaṃ paññāpetvā upaṭṭhāyakaupaṭṭhāyikāhi parivutā <pb ed="P" n="3.0169" /> sīsaṃ ukkhipitvā kāyaṃ <pb ed="V" n="3.0204" /> unnāmetvā attano sayambhūñāṇena paṭividdhākāraṃ dassentā – ‘‘pañca nīvaraṇā nāma pahātabbā, satta bojjhaṅgā nāma bhāvetabbā’’ti kathenti.</p>

<p rend="bodytext"><hi rend="bold">Idha no āvuso</hi>ti ettha <hi rend="bold">idhā</hi>ti imasmiṃ paññāpane. <hi rend="bold">Ko viseso</hi>ti kiṃ adhikaṃ? <hi rend="bold">Ko adhippayāso</hi>ti ko adhikappayogo? <hi rend="bold">Kiṃ nānākaraṇa</hi>nti kiṃ nānattaṃ? <hi rend="bold">Dhammadesanāya vā dhammadesana</hi>nti yadidaṃ samaṇassa vā gotamassa dhammadesanāya saddhiṃ amhākaṃ dhammadesanaṃ, amhākaṃ vā dhammadesanāya saddhiṃ samaṇassa gotamassa dhammadesanaṃ ārabbha nānākaraṇaṃ vucceyya, taṃ kinnāmāti vadanti. Dutiyapadepi eseva nayo.</p>

<p rend="bodytext"><hi rend="bold">Neva abhinandiṃsū</hi>ti ‘‘evameva’’nti na sampaṭicchiṃsu. <hi rend="bold">Nappaṭikkosiṃsū</hi>ti ‘‘nayidaṃ eva’’nti na paṭisedhiṃsu. Kiṃ pana te pahontā evaṃ akaṃsu, udāhu appahontāti? Pahontā. Na hi te ettakaṃ kathaṃ kathetuṃ na sakkonti ‘‘āvuso tumhākaṃ samaye pañca nīvaraṇā pahātabbā nāma natthi, satta bojjhaṅgā bhāvetabbā nāma natthī’’ti. Evaṃ pana tesaṃ ahosi – ‘‘atthi no etaṃ kathāpābhataṃ, mayaṃ etaṃ satthu ārocessāma, atha no satthā madhuradhammadesanaṃ desessatī’’ti.</p>

<p rend="bodytext"><hi rend="bold">Pariyāyo</hi>ti kāraṇaṃ. <hi rend="bold">Na ceva sampāyissantī</hi>ti sampādetvā kathetuṃ na sakkhissanti. <hi rend="bold">Uttariñca vighāta</hi>nti asampāyanato uttarimpi dukkhaṃ āpajjissanti. Sampādetvā kathetuṃ asakkontānañhi dukkhaṃ uppajjati. <hi rend="bold">Yathā taṃ, bhikkhave, avisayasmi</hi>nti ettha <hi rend="bold">ta</hi>nti nipātamattaṃ, <hi rend="bold">yathā</hi>ti kāraṇavacanaṃ, yasmā avisaye pañho pucchitoti attho. <hi rend="bold">Sadevake</hi>ti saha devehi sadevake. <hi rend="bold">Samārakā</hi>dīsupi eseva nayo. Evaṃ tīṇi ṭhānāni loke pakkhipitvā dve pajāyāti, pañcahipi sattalokameva pariyādiyitvā etasmiṃ sadevakādibhede loke <pb ed="M" n="3.0206" /> devaṃ vā manussaṃ vā na samanupassāmīti dīpeti. <hi rend="bold">Ito vā pana sutvā</hi>ti ito vā pana mama sāsanato sutvā. Ito sutvā hi tathāgato tathāgatasāvakopi ārādheyya, paritoseyya, aññathā ārādhanā nāma natthīti dasseti.</p>

<p rend="bodytext">Idāni attano tesaṃ pañhānaṃ veyyākaraṇena cittārādhanaṃ dassento <pb ed="P" n="3.0170" /><hi rend="bold">katamo ca bhikkhave pariyāyo</hi>tiādimāha. Tattha <hi rend="bold">ajjhattaṃ kāmacchando</hi>ti attano pañcakkhandhe ārabbha uppannachandarāgo <pb ed="V" n="3.0205" />. <hi rend="bold">Bahiddhā kāmacchando</hi>ti paresaṃ pañcakkhandhe ārabbha uppannachandarāgo. <hi rend="bold">Uddesaṃ gacchatī</hi>ti gaṇanaṃ gacchati. <hi rend="bold">Ajjhattaṃ byāpādo</hi>ti attano hatthapādādīsu uppannapaṭigho. <hi rend="bold">Bahiddhā byāpādo</hi>ti paresaṃ tesu uppannapaṭigho. <hi rend="bold">Ajjhattaṃ dhammesu vicikicchā</hi>ti attano khandhesu vimati. <hi rend="bold">Bahiddhā dhammesu vicikicchā</hi>ti bahiddhā aṭṭhasu ṭhānesu mahāvicikicchā. <hi rend="bold">Ajjhattaṃ dhammesu satī</hi>ti ajjhattike saṅkhāre paṭiggaṇhantassa uppannā sati. <hi rend="bold">Bahiddhā dhammesu satī</hi>ti bahiddhā saṅkhāre pariggaṇhantassa uppannā sati. <hi rend="bold">Dhammavicayasambojjhaṅgepi</hi> eseva nayo.</p>

<p rend="bodytext"><hi rend="bold">Kāyika</hi>nti caṅkamaṃ adhiṭṭhahantassa uppannavīriyaṃ. <hi rend="bold">Cetasika</hi>nti – ‘‘na tāvāhaṃ imaṃ pallaṅkaṃ bhindissāmi, yāva me anupādāya āsavehi cittaṃ vimuccissatī’’ti evaṃ kāyapayogaṃ vinā uppannavīriyaṃ. <hi rend="bold">Kāyappassaddhī</hi>ti tiṇṇaṃ khandhānaṃ darathapassaddhi. <hi rend="bold">Cittappassaddhī</hi>ti viññāṇakkhandhassa darathapassaddhi. <hi rend="bold">Upekkhāsambojjhaṅge</hi> satisambojjhaṅgasadisova vinicchayo.</p>

<p rend="bodytext">Imasmiṃ sutte missakasambojjhaṅgā kathitā. Etesu hi ajjhattadhammesu sati, pavicayo, upekkhāti ime attano khandhārammaṇattā lokiyāva honti, tathā maggaṃ apattaṃ kāyikavīriyaṃ. Avitakkaavicārā pana pītisamādhī kiñcāpi rūpāvacarā honti, rūpāvacare pana bojjhaṅgā na labbhantīti lokuttarāva honti. Ye ca therā brahmavihāravipassanāpādakajjhānādīsu bojjhaṅge uddharanti, tesaṃ matena rūpāvacarāpi arūpāvacarāpi honti. Bojjhaṅgesu hi arūpāvacare pītiyeva ekantena na labbhati, sesā cha missakāva hontīti. Desanāpariyosāne keci bhikkhū sotāpannā jātā, keci sakadāgāmī, keci anāgāmī, keci arahantoti.</p>

<p rend="subhead">3. Aggisuttavaṇṇanā</p>

<p rend="bodytext" n="234"><hi rend="paranum">234</hi><hi rend="dot">.</hi> Tatiye <pb ed="M" n="3.0207" /><pb ed="P" n="3.0171" /><hi rend="bold">satiñca khvāhaṃ, bhikkhave, sabbatthikaṃ vadāmī</hi>ti loṇadhūpanaṃ viya sabbakammikāmaccaṃ viya ca sabbattha icchitabbaṃ vadāmīti attho. Yathā hi loṇadhūpanaṃ sabbabyañjanesupi nivisati, yathā ca sabbakammiko amacco yodhakammampi karoti mantakammampi paṭihārakammampīti sabbakiccāni sādheti, evaṃ uddhatassa cittassa niggaṇhanaṃ, līnassa paggaṇhananti sabbametaṃ satiyā ijjhati, na sakkā vinā satiyā etaṃ sampādetuṃ, tasmā evamāha. Imasmiṃ sutte pubbabhāgavipassanā bojjhaṅgāva kathitā.</p>

<p rend="subhead">4. Mettāsahagatasuttavaṇṇanā</p>

<p rend="bodytext" n="235"><hi rend="paranum">235</hi><hi rend="dot">.</hi> Catutthe <pb ed="V" n="3.0206" /><hi rend="bold">mettāsahagatena cetasā</hi>tiādi sabbaṃ sabbākārena visuddhimagge (visuddhi. 1.240-241) vitthāritameva. <hi rend="bold">Mayampi kho, āvuso, sāvakānaṃ evaṃ dhammaṃ desemā</hi>ti idampi te purimanayeneva satthu dhammadesanaṃ sutvā vadanti. Titthiyānañhi samaye pañcanīvaraṇappahānaṃ vā mettādibrahmavihārabhāvanā vā natthi. <hi rend="bold">Kiṃ gatikā hotī</hi>ti kiṃ nipphatti hoti. <hi rend="bold">Kiṃ paramā</hi>ti kiṃ uttamā. <hi rend="bold">Kiṃ phalā</hi>ti kiṃ ānisaṃsā. <hi rend="bold">Kiṃ pariyosānā</hi>ti kiṃ niṭṭhā. <hi rend="bold">Mettāsahagata</hi>nti mettāya sahagataṃ saṃsaṭṭhaṃ sampayuttaṃ. Eseva nayo sabbattha. <hi rend="bold">Vivekanissitā</hi>dīni vuttatthāneva.</p>

<p rend="bodytext"><hi rend="bold">Appaṭikūla</hi>nti duvidhaṃ appaṭikūlaṃ – sattaappaṭikūlañca, saṅkhāraappaṭikūlañca. Tasmiṃ appaṭikūle iṭṭhe vatthusminti attho. <hi rend="bold">Paṭikūlasaññī</hi>ti aniṭṭhasaññī. Kathaṃ panettha evaṃ viharati? Asubhapharaṇaṃ vā aniccanti manasikāraṃ vā karonto. Vuttañhetaṃ paṭisambhidāyaṃ ‘‘kathaṃ appaṭikūle paṭikūlasaññī viharati. Iṭṭhasmiṃ vatthusmiṃ asubhāya vā pharati, aniccato vā upasaṃharatī’’ti. Paṭikūle pana aniṭṭhe vatthusmiṃ mettāpharaṇaṃ vā dhātumanasikāraṃ vā karonto <hi rend="bold">appaṭikūlasaññī viharati</hi> nāma. Yathāha ‘‘kathaṃ paṭikūle appaṭikūlasaññī viharati. Aniṭṭhasmiṃ <pb ed="P" n="3.0172" /> vatthusmiṃ mettāya vā pharati, dhātuto vā upasaṃharatī’’ti (paṭi. ma. 2.17). Ubhayamissakapadesupi eseva nayo. Appaṭikūlappaṭikūlesu hi tadeva asubhapharaṇaṃ vā aniccanti manasikāraṃ <pb ed="M" n="3.0208" /> vā karonto <hi rend="bold">paṭikūlasaññī viharati</hi> nāma. Paṭikūlāpaṭikūlesu ca tadeva mettāpharaṇaṃ vā dhātumanasikāraṃ vā karonto <hi rend="bold">appaṭikūlasaññī viharati</hi> nāma. ‘‘Cakkhunā rūpaṃ disvā neva sumano hotī’’tiādinā (paṭi. ma. 2.17) nayena vuttaṃ pana chaḷaṅgupekkhaṃ pavattayamāno ‘‘appaṭikūle ca paṭikūle ca tadubhayaṃ abhinivajjetvā upekkhako tattha viharati sato sampajāno’’ti veditabbo.</p>

<p rend="bodytext">Ettāvatā ca imassa bhikkhuno mettāya tikacatukkajjhānaṃ nibbattetvā tadeva pādakaṃ katvā vipassanaṃ vaḍḍhetvā arahattaṃ pattassa saha vipassanāya maggasambojjhaṅgānaṃ ariyiddhiyā ca dassitattā desanā vinivaṭṭetabbā siyā. Idaṃ pana mettājhānaṃ pādakaṃ katvā saṅkhāre sammasantopi yo arahattaṃ pāpuṇituṃ na sakkoti, yasmā tassa arahattaparamā mettā na hoti. Yaṃparamā pana hoti, taṃ dassetabbaṃ. Tasmā tassa dassanatthaṃ ayaṃ desanā āraddhā. Parato <pb ed="V" n="3.0207" /><hi rend="bold">sabbaso vā pana rūpasaññānaṃ samatikkamā</hi>tiādīsupi iminā nayena puna desanārambhapayojanaṃ veditabbaṃ.</p>

<p rend="bodytext"><hi rend="bold">Subhaparama</hi>nti subhaniṭṭhaṃ, subhakoṭikaṃ, subhanipphattiṃ. <hi rend="bold">Idhapaññassā</hi>ti idheva paññā assa, nayimaṃ lokaṃ atikkamatīti idhapañño, tassa idhapaññassa, lokiyapaññassāti attho. <hi rend="bold">Uttarivimuttiṃ appaṭivijjhato</hi>ti lokuttaradhammaṃ appaṭivijjhantassa. Yo pana paṭivijjhituṃ sakkoti, tassa arahattaparamāva mettā hotīti attho. <hi rend="bold">Karuṇā</hi>dīsupi eseva nayo.</p>

<p rend="bodytext">Kasmā panetāsaṃ mettādīnaṃ subhaparamāditā vuttā bhagavatāti? Sabhāgavasena tassa tassa upanissayattā. Mettāvihārissa <pb ed="P" n="3.0173" /> hi sattā appaṭikūlā honti, athassa appaṭikūlaparicayā appaṭikūlesu parisuddhavaṇṇesu nīlādīsu cittaṃ upasaṃharato appakasireneva tattha cittaṃ pakkhandati. Iti mettā subhavimokkhassa upanissayo hoti, na tato paraṃ, tasmā <hi rend="bold">subhaparamā</hi>ti vuttā.</p>

<p rend="bodytext">Karuṇāvihārissa uṇhābhighātādirūpanimittaṃ sattadukkhaṃ samanupassantassa karuṇāya pavattisambhavato rūpe ādīnavo parividito hoti <pb ed="M" n="3.0209" />, athassa parividitarūpādīnavattā pathavīkasiṇādīsu aññataraṃ ugghāṭetvā rūpanissaraṇe ākāse cittaṃ upasaṃharato appakasireneva tattha cittaṃ pakkhandati. Iti karuṇā ākāsānañcāyatanassa upanissayo hoti, na tato paraṃ, tasmā <hi rend="bold">ākāsānañcāyatanaparamā</hi>ti vuttā.</p>

<p rend="bodytext">Muditāvihārissa pana tena tena pāmojjakāraṇena uppannapāmojjasattānaṃ viññāṇaṃ samanupassantassa muditāya pavattisambhavato viññāṇaggahaṇaparicitaṃ hoti, athassa anukkamādhigataṃ ākāsānañcāyatanaṃ atikkamma ākāsanimittagocare viññāṇe cittaṃ upasaṃharato appakasireneva tattha cittaṃ pakkhandati. Iti muditā viññāṇañcāyatanassa upanissayo hoti, na tato paraṃ, tasmā <hi rend="bold">viññāṇañcāyatanaparamā</hi>ti vuttā.</p>

<p rend="bodytext">Upekkhāvihārissa pana ‘‘sattā sukhitā vā hontu, dukkhato vā vimuccantu, sampattasukhato vā mā vigacchantū’’ti ābhogābhāvato sukhadukkhādiparamatthagāhavimukhasambhavato avijjamānaggahaṇadukkhacittaṃ <pb ed="V" n="3.0208" /> hoti. Athassa paramatthagāhato vimukhabhāvaparicitacittassa paramatthato avijjamānaggahaṇadukkhacittassa ca anukkamādhigataṃ viññāṇāñcāyatanaṃ samatikkammasambhavato avijjamāne paramatthabhūtassa viññāṇassa <pb ed="P" n="3.0174" /> abhāve cittaṃ upasaṃharato appakasireneva tattha cittaṃ pakkhandati. Iti upekkhā ākiñcaññāyatanassa upanissayo hoti, na tato paraṃ, tasmā <hi rend="bold">ākiñcaññāyatanaparamā</hi>ti vuttā. Desanāpariyosāne pañcasatā bhikkhū arahattaṃ pattāti.</p>

<p rend="subhead">5. Saṅgāravasuttavaṇṇanā</p>

<p rend="bodytext" n="236"><hi rend="paranum">236</hi><hi rend="dot">.</hi> Pañcame <hi rend="bold">pagevā</hi>ti paṭhamaññeva. <hi rend="bold">Kāmarāgapariyuṭṭhitenā</hi>ti kāmarāgagahitena. <hi rend="bold">Kāmarāgaparetenā</hi>ti kāmarāgānugatena. <hi rend="bold">Nissaraṇa</hi>nti tividhaṃ kāmarāgassa nissaraṇaṃ vikkhambhananissaraṇaṃ tadaṅganissaraṇaṃ samucchedanissaraṇanti <pb ed="M" n="3.0210" />. Tattha asubhe paṭhamajjhānaṃ vikkhambhananissaraṇaṃ nāma, vipassanā tadaṅganissaraṇaṃ nāma, arahattamaggo samucchedanissaraṇaṃ nāma. Taṃ tividhampi nappajānātīti attho. <hi rend="bold">Attatthampī</hi>tiādīsu arahattasaṅkhāto attano attho attattho nāma, paccayadāyakānaṃ attho parattho nāma, sveva duvidhopi ubhayattho nāma. Iminā nayena sabbavāresu attho veditabbo.</p>

<p rend="bodytext">Ayaṃ pana viseso – <hi rend="bold">byāpādassa nissaraṇa</hi>ntiādīsu hi dveva nissaraṇāni vikkhambhananissaraṇañca samucchedanissaraṇañca. Tattha byāpādassa tāva mettāya paṭhamajjhānaṃ vikkhambhananissaraṇaṃ, anāgāmimaggo samucchedanissaraṇaṃ. Thinamiddhassa ālokasaññā vikkhambhananissaraṇaṃ, arahattamaggo samucchedanissaraṇaṃ. Uddhaccakukkuccassa yo koci samatho vikkhambhananissaraṇaṃ, uddhaccassa panettha arahattamaggo, kukkuccassa anāgāmimaggo samucchedanissaraṇaṃ. Vicikicchāya dhammavavatthānaṃ vikkhambhananissaraṇaṃ, paṭhamamaggo samucchedanissaraṇaṃ.</p>

<p rend="bodytext">Yā panettha <hi rend="bold">seyyathāpi brāhmaṇa udapatto saṃsaṭṭho lākhāya vā</hi>tiādikā upamā vuttā, tāsu <hi rend="bold">udapatto</hi>ti udakabharitā pāti. <hi rend="bold">Saṃsaṭṭho</hi>ti vaṇṇabhedakaraṇavasena saṃsaṭṭho. <hi rend="bold">Pakkuthito</hi>ti kuthito. <hi rend="bold">Usmudakajāto</hi>ti usumajāto. <hi rend="bold">Sevālapaṇakapariyonaddho</hi>ti tilabījakādibhedena <pb ed="P" n="3.0175" /> sevālena vā nīlamaṇḍūkapiṭṭhivaṇṇena vā udakapiṭṭhiṃ chādetvā nibbattapaṇakena pariyonaddho. <hi rend="bold">Vāterito</hi>ti vātena <pb ed="V" n="3.0209" /> erito kampito. <hi rend="bold">Āvilo</hi>ti appasanno. <hi rend="bold">Luḷito</hi>ti asannisinno. <hi rend="bold">Kalalībhūto</hi>ti kaddamībhūto. <hi rend="bold">Andhakāre nikkhitto</hi>ti koṭṭhantarādibhede anālokaṭṭhāne ṭhapito. Imasmiṃ sutte bhagavā tīhi bhavehi desanaṃ nivattetvā arahattanikūṭena desanaṃ niṭṭhāpesi, brāhmaṇo pana saraṇamatte patiṭṭhito.</p>

<p rend="subhead">6. Abhayasuttavaṇṇanā</p>

<p rend="bodytext" n="237"><hi rend="paranum">237</hi><hi rend="dot">.</hi> Chaṭṭhe <hi rend="bold">aññāṇāya adassanāyā</hi>ti aññāṇatthāya adassanatthāya. <hi rend="bold">Taggha bhagavā nīvaraṇā</hi>ti ekaṃsena bhagavā nīvaraṇā. <hi rend="bold">Kāyakilamatho</hi>ti <pb ed="M" n="3.0211" /> kāyadaratho. <hi rend="bold">Cittakilamatho</hi>ti cittadaratho. <hi rend="bold">Sopi me paṭippassaddho</hi>ti tassa kira satthu santike sītalaṃ utusappāyaṭṭhānaṃ pavisitvā nisinnassa kāyadaratho paṭipassambhi, tasmiṃ paṭipassaddhe tadanvayeneva cittadarathopi. Apica maggenevassa etaṃ ubhayampi passaddhanti veditabbaṃ.</p>

<p rend="title">7. Ānāpānavaggo</p>

<p rend="subhead">1. Aṭṭhikamahapphalasuttādivaṇṇanā</p>

<p rend="bodytext" n="238"><hi rend="paranum">238</hi><hi rend="dot">.</hi> Sattamādīsu <hi rend="bold">aṭṭhikasaññā</hi>ti aṭṭhikaṃ aṭṭhikanti bhāventassa uppannasaññā. Taṃ panetaṃ bhāvayato yāva nimittaṃ na uppajjati, tāva chavipi cammampi upaṭṭhāti. Nimitte pana uppanne chavicammāni neva upaṭṭhahanti, saṅkhavaṇṇo suddhaaṭṭhikasaṅghāṭova upaṭṭhāti hatthikkhandhagataṃ dhammikatissarājānaṃ olokentassa sāmaṇerassa viya, paṭimagge hasamānaṃ itthiṃ olokentassa cetiyapabbatavāsino tissattherassa viya cāti. Vatthūni visuddhimagge (visuddhi. 1.15) vitthāritāni. <hi rend="bold">Sati vā upādisese</hi>ti gahaṇasese upādānasese vijjamānamhi.</p>

<p rend="subhead">2-10. Puḷavakasuttādivaṇṇanā</p>

<p rend="bodytext" n="239-247"><hi rend="paranum">239-247</hi><hi rend="dot">.</hi><hi rend="bold">Puḷavakasaññā</hi>ti puḷavaṃ puḷavanti bhāventassa uppannasaññā. <hi rend="bold">Vinīlakasaññā</hi>dīsupi <pb ed="V" n="3.0210" /> eseva nayo. Vinicchayakathā <pb ed="P" n="3.0176" /> panettha saddhiṃ bhāvanānayena visuddhimagge (visuddhi. 1.102) vuttā. <hi rend="bold">Mettā</hi>dayo tikacatukkajjhānavasena veditabbā, <hi rend="bold">upekkhā</hi> catutthajjhānavaseneva.</p>

<p rend="title">8. Nirodhavaggo</p>

<p rend="subhead">1-10. Asubhasuttādivaṇṇanā</p>

<p rend="bodytext" n="248-257"><hi rend="paranum">248-257</hi><hi rend="dot">.</hi><hi rend="bold">Asubhasaññā</hi>ti asubhe paṭhamajjhānasaññā. <hi rend="bold">Maraṇasaññā</hi>ti ‘‘avassaṃ maritabbaṃ, maraṇapaṭibaddhaṃ me jīvita’’nti abhiṇhaṃ paccavekkhantassa uppannasaññā <pb ed="M" n="3.0212" />. <hi rend="bold">Āhāre paṭikūlasaññā</hi>ti odanakummāsādimhi ajjhoharaṇīye paṭikūlasaññā. <hi rend="bold">Sabbaloke anabhiratisaññā</hi>ti sakalalokasmiṃ anabhiratiṃ uppādentassa uppannasaññā. <hi rend="bold">Pahānasaññāvirāgasaññā</hi>ti dve pubbabhāgā. <hi rend="bold">Nirodhasaññā</hi> missakā. Evametāni aṭṭhikasaññādīni vīsati kammaṭṭhānāni niddiṭṭhāni. Tesaṃ navasu appanā honti, ekādasa upacārajjhānikā. Sesā panettha vinicchayakathā visuddhimagge (visuddhi. 1.294) āgatāva. Gaṅgāpeyyālādayo maggasaṃyutte vuttanayeneva veditabbā.</p>

<p rend="centre">Bojjhaṅgasaṃyuttavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
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